140 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
REFERENCES ON JONATHAN-SPOT 
Scott, W. M., and Roberts, J. W. The Jonathan fruit-spot. U.S. 
Agr. Dept. Plant Indus. Bur. Cire. 112: 11-16. 1913. 
Jackson, H. S., and Winston, J. R. Jonathan fruit spot. Oregon 
Agr. Exp. Sta. (Hood River Branch) Rept. 1913-1914 : 20-21. 
1915. 
Swingle, D. B. Fruit diseases in Montana. Jonathan spot. Mon- 
tana Agr. Exp. Sta. Cire. 37: 314. 1914. 
Norton, J.B. S. Jonathan fruit spot. Phytopath. 3:99-100. 1913. 
Cook, M. T., and Martin, G. W. Jonathan spot rot. New Jersey / 
Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept. 1914: 500-503. 1915. i 
Cook, M. T., and Martin, G.W. The Jonathan spot rot. Phytopath. 
3:119-120. 1913. 
Cook, M. T., and Martin, G.W. The Jonathan spot rot. Phytopath. 
4:102-105. 1914. 
Stakman, E. C., and Rose, R. C. A fruit spot of the wealthy apple. 
Phytopath. 4: 333-335. 1914. 
AMERICAN Brown-Rot 
Caused by Sclerotinia cinerea (Bon.) Schrét. 
Apple brown-rot is at times erroneously called black-rot ; 
likewise black-rot is often referred to as brown-rot. The two 
diseases should not be confused. Apple brown-rot is much less’ 
common than black-rot in America, while in Europe brown-rot is 
by far the more common. In fact, brown-rot is one of the most 
serious of apple-rots in Europe. In the United States the disease 
occurs to some extent in several different states, including 
North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, New York, Minnesota, 
Arkansas, Nebraska, New Mexico and Missouri. It probably 
occurs in other apple states. 
Varieties do not all suffer alike. The disease is more 
common on summer varieties like the Yellow Transparent and 
Chenango. In Kentucky, the Genet is injured more than 
other varieties. In England, a similar disease affects the 
limbs, forming cankers. 
