144 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
REFERENCES 
Salmon, E. S. A canker of apple trees caused 
by the brown rot fungus. Gard. Chron. 
3:47:327. 1910. 
Molz, E. Ueber die Bedingungen der Entstehung 
der durch Sclerotinia erzcugten Schwarzfaule 
der Apfel. Centralbl. f. Bakt. 2:17: 175- 
188. 1906. 
Salmon, E.S. <A canker of apple trees caused by 
the brown rot fungus. Southeastern Agr. 
Col. (Wye) Rept. on Econ. Myc. 1909-1910: 
33-35. 1910. 
Aderhold, Rud. Uber cine vermuthliche zu 
Monilia fructigena Pers. gehorige Sclerotinia. 
Deut. Bot. Ges. Ber. 22 : 262-266. 1904. 
RovuGu-Bark 
Caused by Phomopsis Mali Roberts 
This disease is known to growers as rough- 
bark. It attracted more than usual atten- 
tion in Virginia in 1909. The more careful 
observers have noted the disease on the 
Yellow Newtown; the trouble is so common 
in Virginia on this variety that at times the 
roughness is regarded as a character, and is 
used as a mark of identification. While not 
common or serious on any other varieties, it 
is known to affect the York and Winesap. 
It has recently been found on apples and 
pears in California. 
Fic. 38.— Brown- 
rot canker of apple, Symptoms. 
caused by Sclerotinia The rough-bark disease is most serious on 
fructigena (specimen 
fron Kagland), the smaller branches of old neglected trees. 
The one-year-old twigs are very susceptible, 
while the current year’s growth escapes. Sometimes larger 
branches and even the trunks are affected. The diseased 
