150 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
last of June the supply is exhausted. The soil readily dries out 
and the tree suffers from a lack of moisture; hence its growth 
stops and the tissues harden. In July water of irrigation is 
supplied and many trees start into growth again; the result is 
that such trees possess soft and immature tissues which with the 
advent of winter are killed or severely injured. 
Control. 
Our incomplete knowledge of the cause of the disease makes 
the problem of control difficult, or even impossible. The follow- 
ing recommendations based on the information at hand are 
offered: (1) avoid planting apple-trees in soil where marl is 
close to the surface ; in this way shallow roots and an inadequate 
water-supply are avoided; (2) increase the depth of the soil 
by deep plowing before the orchard is planted, by the addition 
of straw and by plowing under green manures such as vetch, 
’ clover or rye; (3) water of irrigation should be- used judi- 
ciously. The amount of water should be lessened with the 
approach of autumn in order that the tissues may properly 
harden before winter. 
REFERENCE 
Paddock, W. Plant diseases of 1901. Apple tree rosette. Colorado 
Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 69: 6-9. 1902. 
SEPTOBASIDIUM-CANKER 
Caused by Septobasidium pedicillatum (Schw.) Pat. (= Thelephora 
pedicillata Schw.) 
This is not a well-known disease. It was first noticed in 
America about 1889 in Texas and Alabama. In 1911 it was 
described from North Carolina, and is now said to occur in 
West Virginia and Georgia. Outside of the United States it is 
found in Cuba, Ceylon and New Zealand. In this country at 
least it should not be expected to prove a serious menace to the 
