GRAPE DISEASES 249 
ANTHRACNOSE 
Caused by Gleosporium ampelophagum Sace. 
Grape-anthracnose, or bird’s-eye-rot, is widely distributed 
east of the Rocky Mountains, where at times it is of consider- 
able importance. It was first discovered in central Illinois 
about 1881 and later was found in many other parts of that 
state. By 1885 the disease had been noted generally over the 
eastern and middle-western states. The disease originated in 
Europe, where it has occurred to a serious extent for many 
years. The anthracnose fungus was doubtless imported from 
Europe at some time prior to 1881. 
Fortunately the disease does not appreciably affect the Con- 
cord, the most extensively-grown of American grape-varieties. 
Many other favorite varieties, however, are very susceptible 
to the trouble, especially the Moore’s Diamond, Catawba, 
Salem, Niagara, Diogenes, Brighton, Missouri Reisling, Clin- 
ton, Vergennes, Pocklington, Norton, Champion, Thompson’s 
Seedless, Malaga, Tokay and Black Hamburg. On _ these 
varieties anthracnose is of considerable economic importance, 
due in part perhaps to the fact that the disease is not readily 
controlled. In serious outbreaks the fruit may be almost 
wholly destroyed, and the vines seriously damaged. The 
growing of certain desirable varieties in some localities is unprof- 
itable on account of the unusual damage done by anthracnose. 
It ranks fourth in importance among fungous diseases of the 
grape east of the Rocky Mountains, black-rot, downy-mildew 
and powdery-mildew being more troublesome in the order listed. 
Symptoms. 
All green parts of the vine are subject to anthracnose through- 
out the growing-season. It is most common, however, on the 
shoots (Fig. 64) and berries (Fig. 65). 
On the shoots and tendrils small cankers are produced (fig. 
64). The lesion is brown, slightly depressed in the center, bit, 
