252 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
grapes. In the spring spores from acervuli in the old lesions 
bring about the first infections. 
Moisture and the proper temperature are essential to the 
development of the pathogene. It is said that a poorly-drained 
soil also favors the fungus. 
Control. 
Until recently little has been done in American vineyards 
to prevent anthracnose, although its control is well understood 
in Europe. Recommendations based on the results of careful 
experimentation follow: (1) prune out and burn all diseased 
wood; (2) spray dormant vines with lime-sulfur, diluted one to 
nine; (3) spray the vines with bordeaux mixture, as for black- 
rot of grapes as follows: (a) when the shoots are eight to twelve 
inches in length; (b) just before the flower-buds open; (c) just 
after the blossoms fall; (d) ten to fourteen days later; (e) and 
again in ten to fourteen days. The addition of two pounds of 
resin-fish-oil soap to fifty gallons of the spray mixture in the 
last two applications is advisable on account of the increased 
adhesiveness of the fungicide which results. 
For the dormant spraying lime-sulfur may be replaced by 
a fungicide of the following formula: 
Tron-sulfate, 132 Ib., or 6§ Ib. 
Sulfuric-acid (commercial) 7 0z., or 3% oz. 
Hot water, 3¢ gal. 
-This mixture of iron-sulfate and sulfuric-acid has been 
successfully applied in Europe. It is objectionable, however, 
for it is unpleasant to prepare and to use because of the corro- 
sive action of the sulfuric-acid. A four per cent solution 
of sulfuric-acid has also been used as a substitute for other 
dormant fungicides. 
