254 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
order of their susceptibility, follow: Mus- 
cat of Alexandria, Mission from Califor- 
nia, Malaga varieties and Flame Tokay. 
Crown-gall apparently affects the grape 
wherever it is grown. The disease is 
reported from France, Germany, Italy, 
England, Holland, Denmark, Chili, New 
South Wales, Cape Colony, Canada and 
Mexico. In the United States it has 
been found more particularly in Cali- 
fornia, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, 
Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Arkan- 
sas, Nebraska, Missouri and Iowa. It 
was common in California as early as 
1880. The earlier records give the im- 
pression that it was very destructive, 
but now the disease is not regarded 
po aes Sal as being of great economic importance. 
disease on grape-cane. In cases of severe attack, vines are 
stunted, the leaves are smaller and 
chlorotic, and even unfruitfulness has been observed. (See 
more complete account under Apple, page 108.) 
REFERENCES 
Hedgecock, G. G. Field studies of the crown-gall of the grape. U.S. 
Agr. Dept. Plant Indus. Bur. Bul. 183: 7-29. 1910. 
Blunno, M. A. Cancerous disease of the grapevine. New South 
Wales Agr. Gaz. 12: 1079-1081. 1901. 
Garcia, F. European grapes. Observations on the crown-gall. New 
Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 58: 19, 28-29; also 30-31. 1906. 
DEAD-ARM 
Caused by Cryptosporella Viticola (Reddick) Shear 
Dead-arm, or side-arm, is found on nearly all commercial 
varieties of grapes in the eastern states, although it is rare on 
