GRAPE DISEASES 267 
CALIFORNIA VINE-DISEASE 
Cause unknown 
Although this disease occurs in Italy, chief damage has been 
wrought in California. At one time it was the most serious 
of the several vine-diseases in that state. It first appeared 
there in 1884, as nearly as can be determined, and within two 
years many vineyards were destroyed in the vicinity of Ana- 
heim, California. The destructiveness of the disease in this 
locality has given rise to the name Anaheim disease. Up to the 
year 1895 about 30,000 acres of productive vineyards were 
killed. The loss has been estimated at not less than $20,000,000. 
Symptoms. 
Except for the older-pathologists who have known the disease 
from the first, few are able to recognize with accuracy the Cali- 
fornia vine-disease. When it first appears in a vineyard it 
shows here and there in a sporadic fashion. But in time it 
increases; it is cumulative. The leaves, canes and roots are 
affected. During the first season symptoms of the disease in 
a vineyard show on the foliage. Small yellow spots appear in 
the tissue between the veins. These enlarge and unite, form- 
ing yellowish stripes which broaden and die at the center. 
Eventually there is a conspicuous brown stripe of dead tissue 
bordered by yellow on each side, leaving only a narrow band of 
green tissue along the veins. Leaves fall prematurely, drop- 
ping from the base of the canes first. The immature portions 
of the canes turn black and die, and the berries become dry and 
hang to the vine, or rarely fall. The next season there is a 
reduced growth of the canes. Often the foliage will appear 
normal in the spring, but it becomes spotted during the sum- 
mer, followed by a premature defoliation and death of the 
canes as described for the first season. The third spring the 
vine may fail to put out new growth, or it may grow until 
midsummer and then die. In some cases affected vines live for 
