34 THE 6BAPE OULTUEIBT. 



locations where drouths occur, and there are but few sec- 

 tions entirely exempt; therefore it is expedient to be 

 always ready for such an event, by saving an abundant 

 supply of rain water if possible, and where this can not' be 

 done, let there be casks or cisterns made in which well or 

 spring water may be placed to become warm by the time 

 it may be wanted. 



FORM OP SmGLE-BUD CUTTmG. 



Thus far I have mentioned but one form of making one- 

 eye cuttings, yet the shape may be varied to suit the fancy 

 of the propagator, so long as a sufficient amount — ^but not 

 too much wood — is left adhering to the bud. Fig. 7 shows 



one style ; in this the wood 

 is cut off about three quar- 

 ters of an inch above and 

 below the bud, and the wood 

 ^'S' ''• on the side opposite the bud 



is cut away deep enough to expose the pith the whole length 

 of the cutting ; the cutting is then placed in the sand 

 with the bud upon the upper side, pressing it down hori- 

 zontally, as it is shown in the cut. The advantage claimed 

 for cutting away the wood is, that it exposes to the soil a 

 greater surface of alburnous matter (or, strictly speaking,' 

 the cambium) from which the roots are produced. 



If the roots from vine cuttings were dependent upon the 

 exposed cambium, as with some other plants, then the su- 

 periority claimed might be conceded ; but such is not the 

 case, as a greater part are produced from around the base 

 of the bud, or pushed through the bark from other points 

 on the surface of the cutting. 



In Fig. 8 the cutting is made square across, close at the 

 base, or just under the bud, leaving about an inch and a 

 half of wood above it. It is placed in the pots at the an- 

 gle shown, the dotted lines indicating the surface of the 



