156 THE GEAPE CULTUEIST. 



manure and "two quarts of bone dust, mixing it "with the 

 soil as it is put around the roots. 



Let but one cane grow, and keep tied to a state. The 

 first point to be gained is to get one cane six to ten feet 

 long, and if not obtained the first season, cut back and try 

 again. So soon as we have obtained the strong cane, it 

 ehould be cut back to four feet and then layered. This 

 operation should be performed in the spring in the follow- 

 ing manner : dig a trench five or six inches deep^ running 

 from vine to vine, bend down the vines and fasten them 

 in the bottom, and leave them uncovered. 



There should be a space of a few inches between the end 

 of each vine when layered and the next one in the row ; 

 and if planted four and a half feet apart, and the cane left 

 only four feet, a space of six inches will be left. 



When the young shoots have made a growth of an inch 

 or two, select from four to six for upright canes, and rub 

 the others off. Put a stake to each, and so soon as it is 

 long enough, tie it up. When the young canes are one 

 foot high, an inch or two of soil may be put in around 

 them, and some more compost or bone dust be mixed with 

 it. The trench may be filled up gradually until it is full. 

 Fig. 65 shows the position of the vines ; on the left hand 

 is shown the vine with the one cane ; the next vine to the 

 right is the same laid in the trench, with the young shoots 

 a few inches long ; the third shows the vine in the faU, 

 with its canes at fuU length, and the trench filled. The 

 small lines crossing the canes show where they are to be 

 pruned in the full, that is, two buds above where they are 

 pruned at the regular annual pruning. The next season 

 the upper two buds on these canes should be allowed to 

 grow, and the others removed ; at the end of the season the 

 vine will appear as shown in Fig. 56, which represents the 

 same on a larger scale, and for want of space but five of the 

 canes are shown. 



These canes are now treated the same as though the arm 



