CHAPTBE XX. 

 OALP EEAEINO. 



L Findings of the Investigators. I 



515. Birth weight of calves. — According to KJrafit, ' the weight 

 of calves at birth is from one-twelfth to one-fourteenth the weight 

 of the dam. This authority places the weight at birth as follows: 



Birth weight. 

 Pounds. 



Light-weight calves 48 — 68 



Average calves 66 — 92 



Heavy calves 97 — 110 



Very heavy calves 115 — 128 



516. Whole milk for calves. — Bertschinger gives the following 

 results for feeding trials with whole milk to calves in the Canton 

 of Zurich, Switzerland:' 



Number of calves fattened 34 



Duration of fattening period, weeks 11} 



Quantity of whole milk fed, per calf, pounds 1,682.6 



Live weight of calves at beginning, pounds 102.5 



Increase m weight, pounds 166.4 



One pound of increase, live weight, was obtained for each 10.1 

 pounds of whole milk fed. 



Martiny" found that from 3.5 to 6 pounds of new milk were 

 sufficient to produce a pound of gain, live weight, with calves 

 between the first and fifth weeks, while from 16 to 20 pounds were 

 required for a pound of gain with older animals. 



At the Pennsylvania Station, * Hunt fed three calves fall milk 

 containing an average of 4.6 per cent, of fat for 161 days. These 

 calves gained 1.77 pounds each daily, requiring 8.7 pounds of 



' Lehrb. d. Ldw., 3, 1890, p. 85. 



^ Fleischmann, Molkereiwesen, 1876, p. 150. 



» Die MUch, 2, 1871, pp. 9-15. 



* Rept. 1891. 



