2l8 



BACTERIyV IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



('02). LoKB, L. M- On branching forms of certain 

 .bacteria. Jour, of Med. Rescarcli. Vol 

 VIII, 1902 (n. .s., vol III), pp. 415-423. 

 The aiitlior finds brauchin.ti" forms in the tsphoid ba- 

 cillns, 



('02). IlEFFERAN, Mary. An unusual bacterial 



,L;rnuping. Centralb. f. Bafct., ^ Abt., viii 



P.il, 1902, pp. 689-699. Also a separate, 



(with 5 figures in the text). 



B. rusacens nietalloidcs forms rosette-like gronpings 



in liquid media and on some solid media. 



('02). Matzuschita, Teisi. Beobachtungeii fiber 

 den merkwiirdigcn Teilungsprocess liei einem 

 proteusartigen Luftbacillus. (Vorl. Mit- 

 teilung). Centralb. f. Bakt., Abt. 2, Bd. ix, 

 1902, pp. 257-260, niit I Taf. 



('03). Hii.i,, H. AV., AND RicKARDS, B. R. Notes on 

 Morphology, i. "Snapping" as character- 

 istic of the diphtheroid group. 11. Branch- 

 in,g of the organism of actinomyco-sis. Am. 

 Pub. Plealth Ass'n. Pi'oc. 30t'h Ann. meelt- 

 nig at New Orleans, Dec. 9-12, 1902, Co- 

 lumbus, Ohio, 1903. Also a separate, 4 pp., 

 2 figs. 



('03). WoLBACH, S. B., AND Ernst, PTarold C. Ob- 

 servations on the morphology of Bacillus 

 tuberculosis from human and bovine sources. 

 Jonr. of Med. Research, 1903, vol. x, No. 3, 

 PP- 313-3.3,3- 13 plates. Also a separate. 



('04). Tiiaxter, Roland. Contributions from the 

 cryptogamic laboratory of Harvard Univer- 

 sity, Lvi^ Notes on the Myxobacteriaceae. 

 Bat. Gaz., June, 1904, vol. xxxvii, pp. 405- 

 416, with 2 plates. 

 Cystobacter becomes Polyaugium. 



('04). LepESCHkin, W. W. Zur Kcnntniss dcr Erb- 

 lichkeit bei den einzelligen Organismen. 

 Die Verzweigung und Mycelbildung bei 

 einer Bakterie (Bacillus Berestnewi n. sp.). 

 Centralblatt f. Bakt., 2 Abt., 1904, Bd. xii, 

 pp. 641-648, 'and Bd. xiii, pp 13-22, 20 figs. 

 De.scribcs a br,inched form. 



('84) 



('87) 

 ("88) 



p 

 CSS). 

 ( -88 ) . 

 CSS). 



XI. Spores. 



[See also some papers under X, XV, and XXXIV. I 



. CoHN, Ferdin.\nd. LIntersuchungen fiber Bac- 



terien. Beitrage zur Biologic der Pflanzcn, 



Bd. II, Pleft 2, 187(1, pp. 249-276. 

 , BuCHNEK, If. Ueber das Vcrhalten der Spalt- 



pilz-Sporcn zu den Anilintarbstoffen. Aertz- 



liohe Intelligenzbl., Jahrg. xxxi, 1884, pp. 



370. 

 LEhmann, K. B. Ueber die Sporenbildung 



bei Milzlirand. j\Iunch. med. Wochcnschr., 



1S87, pp. 485-48S, No. 26. 

 Prazmowski, a. Ueber Sporenbildung bei 



den Bakterien. Verliand, d. k. k. Akad. d. 



Wisscnschaften in Krakau. Math.-naturw. 



Sektion, Bd. xviii, 1888, p. 35, I Tafcl. 



AnLlior thiuks existenct of " ailhrfsporcs " is not 

 roved. 



Gr.oBiG. Si.-f XXXIII aiifl xxxiv 



(.'t!<i:BKK. Scf XXXIIT. 



BuciiNi;K, II. Lfd)or dii.- vcrnicintlicbcn 

 Sporen dcr 'J'vpliusbciciUcn. Ccn trail t. f 

 Cnkt., i8N^^, Bd. iv. pj.. 3^5-.^,'k> 



('8g). KlEin^ Ludwig. Ueber einen neuen Typus 

 der SporeiibildLing .bei den endosporen Bac- 

 iterlen. Ber. d. deutsoh. Botan. Gesellsch., 

 Bd., vir, 1889, pp. (57)-(72). i plate. 



Five sport-beariug bacilli are described. The spores 

 are green. In one filanieutous-septate species the spores 

 generally occur in pairs, with a septum between, i. e. , the 

 spore is situated, if one may so speak, in tlie positive 

 pole of one segment, and in the negative pole of its fel- 

 low. 



Cgi). Fischer. See xl. 



('91). MoElIvEr, H. Ueber e-ine none Metbode der 



Sporenfarbung. iCeiitralb. f. Bakt, Bd. x. 



1S91, pp. ^7y^77- 



The author summarizes his method as follows . " The 

 air-dried cover glass pre])aration is passed through the 

 flame three times and put into absolute alcohol for two 

 minutes , then two miuntes in chloroform ; then washed 

 with water one-half to two minutes It is subsequently^ 

 l^lunged into 5 per cent chromic acid and again thor- 

 oiighl_\' washed in water, after which carbol-fuchsin is 

 dro]:)ped upon it aud warmed over tlie flame to lioiliug 

 for fio seconds. The carl)ol-fuchsin is then poured off. the 

 cover-glass plunged into 5 per cent sulphuric acid until 

 it is bleached, aud then thoroughly washed in water. 

 The watery solution of meth^-len blue or malacliite green 

 is then allowed to act upon it for 30 si::conds, after which 

 it is washed off. The spores should then be visible as a 

 dark red in a beautiful green or blue bacterial l>ody." 



('91). Craimer, E. Die Ur-^ache dcr Resistenz der 

 Sporen gegen trockene Ilitze. Arch. f. 

 Hygiene, 1S91, Bd. xiii, pp. 71-112. 



Resistance is due to extreme drj-ness of the spores, and 

 to the fact tliat all tlieir water is hygroscopic water, 

 which evaporates quickly in drv^ air, leaving prcsumal)ly 

 pure ^\■ater-free all.>umeu. 



('92). FoTH. Ztir Frage der Sporenfarbung. Cen- 

 tralb. f. Bakt.. XI Bd.. 1892, pp. 272-278. 



Does not find Moc-Uer's chromic acid method universally- 

 applicable. Author sometimes substitutes cliloriodid 

 ziiic. He has also found hydrogen peroxide ver}' useful. 

 He also uses anilin water fuchsin. A pure, colorless, 

 toluidin free anilin may l)e had from Job. Wol IT, in Bres- 

 lau. In case ot anthrax spores, the proper time of expos- 

 ure i.s i^^ minutes with chromic acid; 2 to 2'^ minutes 

 with concentrated chlorzinc iodide solution, and 3 min- 

 utes with h3'drogen peroxide. Here also the author says 

 he obtained the best results with H2( )2 



('93). FiocCA, R. Ueber cine neue Methode der 

 Sporenfarbung. Centralb. f. Bakt., xiv, 1S93, 

 No. I, pp, 8-9. 



Cover-glass preparations are plunged 3 to 15 minutes 

 [mosth- 3 to ,s minutes) into steaming hot water contain- 

 ing 10 per cent ammonia water, to which has also been 

 added m to 20 drops of some alcoholic anilin solution. 

 Covers thus treated are then pluuged for a moment into 

 water containing 20 per cent sulphuric or nitric acid, and 

 are subsequently- exposed to a contrast staiu. The stains 

 recommended are gentian violet, fuchsin, lUL^thylene 

 blue and safraniu ; the contrast staiu^ are ve>uvin, chry- 

 soidin, meth^'lene blue, malachit green or safranin. The 

 preparations are said to l>e clear and satisfactory, 



(■93). BiivsAEix. See xxxiii. 



C94)- F.RXST, Paul. Farbungsversuclie an Sporen 

 niit Hilfc der Maceration. Centralb. f. Bakt., 

 Bd. XVI, 1894, pp. 1S2- 184. 



(■95). MiouEL. P., and Lattraye. E. De la resis- 

 tance de.s spores dcs bactcries aux tenipera- 

 itnres buniides cgales ct superieurcs a lOO 

 degrees. Ann. de micrograpbie. Tome vii, 

 1895, p. no. T58, 205. Rev. in Centralb. f. 

 Bakt. XIX Bd., i8i)6, pp. 3(10-362. 



(95). BtiNGE, R. Ueber Sporenbildung bei Bakter- 

 ien. Fortscbr. d. Med.. Bd. xni, 1895, No 

 20 .and 21. Rev. in Centralb. f. Bakt.. xviii 

 V~y\., 1895, p. 718. 



