220 



BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



('92). Strauss, I. Sur uii precede de coloration a 

 I'etat vivaiTt des cils on flagella de certaines 

 bacteries mobiles. C. R. de la Soc. de 

 biologic, 1892, No. 23, pp. 542-543. Also 

 Bull. Med,, 1S02, p. 1,003. 



('93). ScLAVO. Di no rapido processo per le colora- 

 zione delle ciglia di alcuni microorganismi. 

 Ministera deiriiitern. Ivaboratori scientifica 

 della direzione di Santa-Roma. 



Rev. in Centrally f. Bakt.Bd. XV. p. 5C17, 1S93. 



('93). NicoLLE, M., ET MoKAX, V. Technique de la 

 coloration des cils, etc. Ann, de ITnst. Pas- 

 teur, T. VII, 1893, No. 7, pp. 554-561. 



('93). Moore, V. A. On the character of flagella on 

 the Bacillus cholerresuis, B. coli communis, 

 and the B. typhi abdominalis. Wilder Quar- 

 ter Century Book, Ithaca, N. Y., 1893, pp. 

 339-363. 



('93). VAN Ekmencem, E. Nouvelle miithode de 

 coloration dcs cils des bacteries. Trav. du 

 Lab. d. Hygiene ct de Bact. de I'Univ. de 

 Gand, T. L, 1. 3, 1893. 



Original noL seen. A very good method. Reviewed in 

 Zeitsclir. f. Wissensch Rlikr. Bd. xi. 1S94, pp. 9S-99, and 

 in Ann. de Micrographie, T. ^^, i^^^, pp. 394-395. 



('94). HessErT^ W. Geisselfarbiing ohne Beize. 

 Ccntralb. f. Bakt., Bel. xvi, 1894, No. 8-9, 



pp. 346-347- 

 See also A simple stain for cihated Ijacteria. Chicago 

 Med. Recorder, I^iy4, p]5. 2.10-2.12. 



('94). EuNGE, R. Ueber Geisselfiirbung von Bak- 



terien. Fortschr. d. Medizin, Bd. xii, 1894, 



No. 12, pp. 462-464. 

 ('94). BuNGE, R. Zur Kenntniss der Geisseltragen- 



den Bal<3terien, Ibid., No. 17, pp. 653-670. 

 ('94). BuNGE, R. Weitere JMitthcilungen uber Geis- 



selfarbung. Fortschr. d. Mediz., Bd. xii, 



1894, pp. 929-935. 

 ('95). MooEE, Veranus A. On ithe nature of the 



flagella and their value in the systematic 



■classification of the bacteria. Jour. Am. 



Pub. Health Asso., Oct., 1S95, Ann. vol. xx, 



pp. 432-444, 3 plates. 

 ('95). Fekkier. Considerations generales sur le 



pleomorphisme dcs cils vibratiles de quelciues 



bacteries mobiles. — Archives de medicine 



experiraentale et d'anatomie pathologique. 



Paris, Serie i. T. vii, 1895, pp. 58-75. i 



plate. 

 ('96). LoEwiT, N. Zur Morphologic der Bakterien. 



Centralb. f. Bakt., xix Bd., 1S96, pp. 673- 



686, with I plate. 

 (96). Kanthack, a. a., and Cunnele, T. W. The 



flagella of the tetanus bacillus, and other 



contributions lo the morphology of the 



tetanus bacillus. Jour. Path, and Baot , iv, 



1.896-97, pp. 452-459 

 CfiS). BowHiEE, Til. lMn<' ncue Methode der Bak- 



iterien-Geissclfarbung ln-i Gcbrauch einer 



Orccinheize. Hyg. Rumlschau, 1S98, No. i. 



Rev. m Ccntralh. I Bakt., xxjii Bd., 1808, 



pp. 667-668. 



('98). Stephens, J. VV. Van Ermengcm's method of 

 staining fla.gella; a niodificaiion The f,an- 

 icot, 1S98, rjct. I. Rev. in Ccniralb f. Bakt., 

 XXV Bd., 1S99, p 3f)j 



SnbstiUilcs foT nitrale of silver : 

 tioii. The Ihif;! Uil are snr.l to \n 

 tincL. 



elil lari,'i)i sobi 

 I- and more dis 



('99). WelckE, E. Fine neue Methode der Geissel- 

 farbung. Arch. f. klin. Ohir., Bd. Lix, 1899, 

 Heft. I, pp. 129-143. Rev. in Centralb. f. 

 Bakt., Bd. xxvi, 1899, pp. 520-521. 



A silver process of about the same complexity as that 

 of vau Krmeugem. 



('99). Zettnow. Ueber Geissclfarbung bei Bakter- 

 ien. Zeitschr. f. Hyg., Bd. xxx. i Heft., 

 March, 1899, pp. 95-106. 

 Discusses van Erinengem's silver method, and gives a 

 gold method which is said to be better. 



('99). Morton, N. Flagella staining. Trans. Jenner 

 Inst., London, vol. I. 2 series, pp. 242-243, 

 1S99. 

 Tap water is recommended for dilutions. A 24'hour 

 agar snrface growth fnrnislies the bacteria. The>- are 

 allowed to diff\ise in a little of this sterilized water in a 

 watch glass. A drop or two of this istlien placed ou the 

 clean slide or cover and spread as widely as jiossible with- 

 out use of the needle. The excess is absorbed by blotting 

 paper. The dried film is not fixed by beat. The stain 

 consists of tannic acid i gram, potasli alum i gram, dis- 

 tilled water 40 cc. To this is added 0.5 gram of night blue 

 dissolved in 20 cc of absolute alcohol. The copious pre- 

 cipitate which results is carefully removed b\- filtration. 

 The fluid is then readj' for use vStain 2 minutes. The 

 flagella are blue, the l:)od_\' of the organism is not stained. 

 Ivonger exposures cause precipitates Couuterstaiu for 

 the bodv b}' exposure for i or 2 minutes to anilin-water 

 gentian violet. " I con.sider that the application of heat 

 and the spreading of tlie film ^vith the needle are veiy 

 fatal to good results in flagella staining." 



('00). HinterbergEr, a. Eine Modifikation des 

 Geisselfarbung'sverfahrens nach van Ermen- 

 ■gem. Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xxvit. No. 

 16-17, 1900, pp. 597-605, I plate and i fig. 



Cot). Williams, BIugh. Flagella stain. See Path- 

 ological tec'hniqne, b}^ Mallory and Wright. 

 Second Ed., 1901. pp. 104- J 06. W. B. 

 Saunders & Co., Philadelphia and London. 



('02). Meyer, Arthur. Knrze Mitteilung iiber die 

 Be^eisselnng der Bnktcricn. Centralb. f 

 Bakt., Abt. i, Bd. xxxi, Originale, 1002, 

 PP- /37-739- 



XIII. Capsules. 



('/?)■ CiEnkowskl Untersuchimg iiber die Gallert- 

 bildungen des Zuckcrriibensafte? Resume 

 allcmand du memoire russe, Charkow, 1878. 



Not seen. 



('85). RiEEERT. Zur Farbung der Pneumoniekokken. 

 Deutsche med. VVochensclir,, 11 Jahrg., iSS=;. 

 P- 136. 

 Gives a method for staining capsules. 



('85). FriedlaEndER, C. Ueber Pncnnionie-Micrococ- 

 cen. Fortsch. d. Med., Bd. ni, 1885. pp. 

 01-93- 



Replies to criticism nf Cerniain Sec. and gives liis 

 method of staining the capsule. 



('85). FriedlaekdEr, C. Notiz, die F.irbimg der Kap- 

 selmicrococcen belrclTcnil Fortsch. d. 



Medicin, Bd. 311, 1885, No, 23, pp. 757-7('0. 



Tlie author's ]iUin for staining capsules is as fi.)]lows ■ 

 Pass the dried covers Llire<_- Lnnes througli the flame, and 

 then expose from one to sevi'i'al minutes in i per cent 

 acetic acid water. Remove froui Hit- cover by lilowiug 

 through n glass tube drawn lo a jKuiit. and dry in air 

 cjuickly. Then expose in a satui-;itcd solution of anilin- 

 \\ater gentian violet for a \'cr\' few stconds, "w :ish in water 

 and examine. The e\]u)SMr<. lo the geuHan \'ioIet should 

 be barely long cuough lo slam the capsule \A-ilhnut sImiu- 

 iug llie inl<.'nor inotoi'lasni 



