226 



BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



(04). HessEj Gustav. Bcitrage ziir Herstellung von 

 Nahrboden und zur Bakterienzuchitung. 

 Ztschr. f. Hyg., 1904, Bd. xlvi, pp. 1-22. 

 Discusses effect of adding' various acids aud alkalies, 

 effect of heat on reaction, use of insoluble ^lass, etc. 



Most of the metllod^ advised are already in use in man}- 

 laboratories iu the United States. 



XVII. Methods or Work, Apparatus, Etc. 



('73). KlEbs, E. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Micro- 

 coccen. Arch. f. exp. Path. u. Pharmakol., 

 1S73, Bd. I. pp. 31-64, with 4 plates. 



Klebs here outlines his fractional method of culture. 

 See especially pp. 46-47. 



i'77). Koch. See lv. 



('7S). Lister, Joseph. On the lactic fermentation 



and its bearings on patholog.v. Trans. Path. 



Soc. of London, 1878, vol. xxix, pp. 425-467. 



leister's dilution method for obtaining pure cultures is 

 here described. .See especially page 445 et sec^. 



('81). KocH, Robert. Zur Llntersuchung von path- 

 ogenen Organismen. Mittheil. a. d. kaiser- 

 ilichen Gesundheitsarate, Bd. i, 1881. Ber- 

 lin, pp. 1-4S, 14 plates. 



In this paper Koch outlined his now uuiversalh" used 

 method of obtaining pure cultures (colonies) on solid 

 media, viz : by use of gelatine for streaks and poured 

 plates. vSee pp 24 and following, especially page 27. In 

 iS.Si, orearlier, Buchner diluted his anthrax fluid until it 

 was assumed that the quantitj- used to inoculate each 

 flask contained only one organism (p. 19), 



('83). KocH, Robert. Ueber die Milzbrandimpfung, 

 eine Entgegnung auf den von Pasteur in 

 Genf gehaltenen Vortrag. Kasscl und Ber- 

 lin, Theodor Fischer, 1882. The same in 

 French. Theo. Fischer, 1S83. 

 The celebrated Koch "rules of procedure" are given in 

 this paper. 



('84). HoEFiMANN, F. A\'. Einfaeher Einbettungs- 

 apparat. Zoologischer Anzeiger, vii Jahrg., 

 1884, No. 157-184, Leipzig, pp. 230-232, I fig. 



Makes use of a vacuum to hasten the infiltratifm of 

 paraffin. 



('84). Errera. Sur I'emploi de I'encre de Chine en 

 iMicroscopie. Bull. Soc. Beige d. Microscop., 

 18S4. 



Not seen The ink is used to form a contrasting back- 

 ground, 



('86;. VON EsiMARCH, Er\\Ii\. Lleber eine filodifika- 

 ition des Koch'sohen Plattcnverfahrens zur 

 Isolierung und znm qnantitafcivcn Nachweis 

 von Mikroorganismen. — Zeiitscli. f. Hygiene, 

 18S6, r;d. I, pp. 293-301, 3 figs. 

 The method of roll cultures is here described. 



('87). Petri, R. J Eine kleine Modification des 

 Krich'schen Plattenverfahreiis. Centralb. f. 

 Bakt., I Bd., 1S87, No. 9, pp. 279-280. 



Descriptii 

 dishes 



of the uo\\' every^vherc common I'etri- 



('87). EsMAKClI. v^er XX-XUf 



('89). Beyekinck, M. W. L'auxaiiogr.iphie ou la 

 mcthuile de I'hydrodift'usion dans la gelatine 

 appliquee aux recherehes iiiicrobiDlugiqucs. 

 Arch, necrl.mdaises rk- sci ex. ct nat., 1889, 

 T. XMii, pji M<7-372 



('90). KuECLER. Uuler-.ucluingen nher die Braueli- 

 barkeit der "Filtres sans pi-essiim, Systeme 

 Chamlierland-F'.isliin-." ZeiiKchr f. 1 lyg , 

 Bd \lii. 1X1 in, pp i.S-54. 



(91). NuTTAEL, George H. F. A method for the 

 estiiiTition of the actual number of Tubercle 

 bacilli in tuberculous sputum. With a note 

 on the general application of the method to 

 bacteriology. Bull, of the Johns Hopkins 

 Hospital, vol. II, iSgi, pp. 67-76. 



By use of this method flasks or tubes of media can be 

 inoculated, it is said, with predetermined exact num- 

 bers of bacteria. 



(.'91). BujwiD, O. Eine einfaohe Filtervorrichtung 

 zum Filtriren sterilisirter Fltissigkeit. Cen- 

 tralb. f. Bakt., IX Bd., 1891, pp. 4-5, mit i 

 Abbildung. 



('91). Gabritsceiewsky, G. Zur Technik der bak- 

 teriologischen Untersuchungen, I. Graduirte 

 Kapillarpipetten zuni Abmessen sehr kleiner 

 Fliissigkeitsmengen. Centralb. f. Bakt., x 

 Ed., 1S91, pp. 248-250, mit 2 figs. 



( '91 ) . NoRDT jieyEr, H. LTeber Wasserfiltration durch 

 Filter aus gebrannter Bifusorienerde. — 

 Zeitsch. f. Hygiene, 1891, Bd. .x, pp. 145- 

 154, I fig- 



('91). Smitei, Theobald. Kleine baktcriologische 

 Mittheilungen. Centralb. f. Bakt., x Bd,, 



1891, pp. 177-186, mit 2 figs. 



First two notes relate to a]>paratus; the second, to his 

 inside-out method of filtering through Chamberland 

 bougies (figuredl. 



('91). Knal'Er, FniEDRiCH. Eine bewahrte Methode 

 zur Reinigung gebrauchter Objekttrager 

 und l^eckglaschen. Centralb. f. Bakt,, Bd. 

 X, 1891, pp. 8-9. 



Even old stuck-together slides are said to be cleaned 

 perfectly by boiling 30 minutes in 10 per cent lysol, with 

 occasional stirring. They should then be flooded with 

 tap water, and finally wiped with a soft, clean, oil-free 

 cloth. " In recent preparations, 14 days old, I obtained 

 even by 15 minutes boiling iu 5 per cent lysol solution a 

 perfect cleaning of the glass." 



('91). Aetmann, P. Thermoregulator neuer Kon- 

 struktion. Centralb. f. Bakt., ix Bd., 1891, 

 pp. 791-792. 



(91). Beyerinck, M. W. Die KapiUarhebermikro- 

 skopirtropfcnflaschc. Centr.'db. f. Bakt., ix 

 Bd,, 1S91, pp. 589-590, mit I -\bbildung. 



.\u easily constructed useful water fiask, furnishing 

 drops of any size (see fig 16) or a fine stream . 



(92). Hasweel, Wir. A. On a simple method of 

 substituting strong alcohol for a watery 

 solution in the preparation of specimens 

 Proc. Linn. S'">c. N. S. W., vol. vi, for 1891, 

 pp. 433-436. T fig. Sydney, 1892. 



Tliis method was worked out lo years later, indepen- 

 dently, in my laboratory, by Deane IS, Swingle, who had 

 his paper and drawings ready tor publication when this 

 earlier paper^vas discovered. .Swingle's de\'ice, which is 

 a considerable improvement on Haswell's, is show-n in 

 Tig. 146. By means of the expanded liase of the inner 

 tube a cjuite e(|uablc diffusion of the alcohol is secured. 



I '92). (_iiLT.\Y, E,, u. -Vberson, J. H. i\[ethode zur 

 Prufung von Filtereinrichtnngen wic die 

 Chamberland-Bougies. Ceiiitralb, f. Bakt., 



1892, Bd. XII, pp. 02-95, I fig. 



('oj), y FreuhEnrEich, Ed. LTeber die Durchliis- 



si.gkeit der Ohamberland'schen Filter fiir 



Baklerien. Centralb. f. Bakt., xii Bd., 1802. 



))p, 240-247. 



The author's ex)i(rinients lead to the conclusion that 



the Cliamberl.'iud filler cannot he used safeU- more than a 



week lor (he continuous lillratinn of water It must 



then be stei ilized. 



