AJLRf^i^ISM, ANAI':U()rUSM. 



( 'i<7}. Rdux, E. Sur Ui cnluii-c ilcs microbes 

 rin;icrni)ics. Ann. de riiist. PrLsitcur, Bd. I, 

 18X7, .pp. 49-62. 



('SS). r.uciiNKk, Hans, EiiK- nunc Mothode zur 

 Kultur anaeruber Mikroorj^anismen. Ccn- 

 li-all). f. Bakit . i^SK. iv Bd., pp. 149-151. 



Tlu' pyro,L;allic acid method. If i ^i:iu\ pyrojj^allul and 

 10 cc. 10 per ceut (jola^li water are used for eacli 100 ec. air 

 si^ace, all oxypen is reiimved in 2] hoins at ^7 C. The 

 use of this mixture liberates small qua 11 titles nf carbonic 

 uxii.le, wliich is less in (jnantitN' in i>roporlii)ii as the 

 absorption of the oxygen is rapid. IJnclmer observed no 

 injurious influence of this L;as <>ii the bacteria with which 

 be experimented. 



('SS). Ei^ MuMvEL, Carl. lU'bcr die KuUur anacrul)er 

 Mikniorganisnien. Centrally f. Bakt., 1888, 

 Ti( Bd., pp. 735-740 and 7''.V7''^ r fig. 



("S<)V I'kAIuN KKL. Sec XXXVI [J. 



('80). Erankt^and, Pj^rcy. On tbe Infiucncc of car- 

 bonic anhydride or other gases -on the de- 

 yck:>pnient of micro-organism.s. Proc. Roy. 

 Sac. vok ^LV, 1889, pp. 292-301. See aJso 

 /uitsch. f. PTy^aene, Bd. vi, 1889, pp 13-22. 



The otber traces tested were h\dro,Lirn, carbonic oxide, 

 and iiitr<.ius oxide. II>'dru!^en had the least <lelelenous 

 "-■nVct on tbe oryanisms tested, wbicli \\ ertr B. pyocv- 

 aucus, Koch's comma bacilhis, and l-mkler's spirillum. 



( 'oo) . Smith. See xx. 



( '00). P(d'oi-p. See xLvni. 



("02). OcA'fA, AI. Eint'ach.c B.akterienknltur mit 

 \-crsclhedenen Gasen. Centralb. f. Bakt , 

 XX Bd., 1892, 'pp. 62r-r.23, mit i fig. 



etgata's method, which is essentially that previously 

 tlescribed by Heim, consists in softening the upper part of 

 a test tube in the flame and drawing' it out so tliat tlie 

 tube consists of two normal portions connected by a nar- 

 low isthmus. This part should l)e just below the colton 

 ])lug, that is, in the upper one-third of the tube. A piece 

 of glass tubing is now plugged at one end with sterile 

 cotton, and is drawn out into a capillary tube, which 

 must be long enough to reach down into the bottom of 

 the culture medium The broken end of this tube is now 

 touched to the desired cuUure and passi^d into the test 

 lube. Tbe cotton-plugged end of the gla.ss tube is now 

 attached to a rubber tube connected with the gas appa- 

 ratus. After the gas has bulibled through the medium 

 fora sufficient tirac.the capillary tube is removed, and 

 tiie test tube is immediately sealed in the open flame b\- a 

 further constriction of the isthmus and a complete 

 removal of the upper part of the test tube. 



I'luid cultures may also be made in such tubes by pre- 

 paring the isthmus 'before the tubes are filled with the 

 medium. 



( V- 



( <I2) 



). Ili;ii\r. L. y-ur f Jiri.n'inaliiiilil'liciliing von 

 (),u:ila: "Eiii faclic BalvUTionkuUiir .mit 

 \-LTScliicdenen Gascn." Bd. xf, p 621. Cen- 

 Iralili f. Bakt., xr, iSmj. p. Soo. 

 v.\N vSknus. a. II. C. Znr Kenntniss der 

 Kiiltiir anaerolicr Baktcricn. Centralb. f. 

 Bakt., xil Bd . 1S02, pp i44-'45- 

 i'n\) XdVV. F. G. Die Kidtiir aiiai-robcr Baktcrien. 

 Cciitralli f. Bakt.. Bd xiv, 1893, pp. 581- 

 dori. 2 1\'j:>. 

 Tlic " Novy jars " arti- here fiiiuretl and described, and 

 pj references to literatnre are i^ivcu at the end of the 

 article. 



). B.fivf.RiNCK, ^I AV. ITclicr .Vtnimiysfi.uau'cn 

 liowcudiolicr Baktcrien. Ccntrall). f. Bakt., 

 Bd XIV, 1893, pp. 827-845, mit I Tafel. 



). SMiTif. Sec XX. 



). Nje(ii,.\iER. Bcmerkuii.u" zii der Arlieit vuii 

 Prrjf. F. G. Nnv\' : "Die Kiillur anaerobcr 

 Bakterien" ("Cen'tralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xiv. 

 i8iu). Centralb. f. Bakt.. Bd xv, 1894, p. 



(''14 



( 94). 



(■94). 



('<I4). 

 (•94). 

 ( '')4 ) 



v^MiTil, 'l'iii;ni;,\i,i>. Furlbcr nliscrvalimis on 

 llie fcrmenlalinn Lnbe, witb siice.ial reference 

 itii anaerobiiisis, reduction, and gas produc- 

 tion (a]is,iract'). Proc. Am. A.ss. A. Sei., 

 42. ]\Tadi-(in ]\'Ieeting, 1893, Salem, 1894, 

 p. 201. 



lv\a.i;i,M.\NN, Tit. W. Die Er.scheinungswei.se 

 der SanerstolTausscbeirhnig cb rr)mnp]t villi al- 

 f'iger Zellcn im Licbt bei Anwcndung der 

 Baelerienmcthode. \'erhanrl d. Kon. .'\kad. 

 win Wetenscbappcn te Amsterdam (2 tc 

 seclic, deel III: No. 11, 1894), pp. 10, iv, 

 with a folded plate, also a reprint, 17 pp 

 Gives a bibliography of 61 titles. ,See also 

 Gnderzoekin.gcn Physiol. Labor.it. Utrecht, 

 IV Reeks, in deel., 1895. 



LuiuNSivi, AVsEwOLOD. Zur Melhodik der 

 Kultur anaerober Bakterien. Centralb. f. 

 B.ikit., I!d XVI, 1894, pp. 20-25, mit 4 figs. 



Now, F. G. Die PlattenkulUir anaerober 

 Bakterien. Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xvi, 1X94. 

 pp. 5(i(i-,s7t, with 3 figs. 



ArK.\'s. E<inc RIethode znr Plaltcnkultur der 

 Anaeroben Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xv, 1894, 

 pp. 15-17. 



The : 

 a\in,i; 



Uhor makes Ins cnltnres 

 L;niiind l;1;iss covers. 



n-din; 



('95). Scii,\iii)T, .^Il. Fine einfache Methodc zur 

 Zticbtun.g anaerober Kulturen in fliissigen 

 N.ahrbdden Centralb f. Bakt., xvii Bd., 

 1805, pp. 460-461, I fig. 



(95). BK/\,\'rz, Ec.JiEKl'. Einiges fiber die Anai-ro- 

 bin^c Centralh. f. Bakt., xvii Bd , 1895, pp 

 7,17-742, with I fig 



('05). IxKiiKowskr, W. Ueber die Beilingnngen, 

 unlcr welcheu anaerobe B.akterien audi bei 

 Gegenw.art von Sauerstoff exi^ircn kibiinen. 

 Zeil-dir. f. Tlyg., Bd XX. 1805, pp. 358-375 



Thej' do this test when Tuixed ^vlth aerobes, bnt the 

 absorittion of the oxvKeu is not so intport.ant as P.as- 

 tear sn]>])Msi.d The author believes that the aerobes ex- 

 crete sonie special substance favorable to the growth of 

 tlie anaerol)cs. This substance he did not determine. 



('95). ( it.KsTXf.u, R Beitrage znr Kenliiiss obligat- 

 anacrolicr Baktcrienarleii Arbeiten ans 

 dcm Rakteriologisclien Tnstitiit der Tech- 

 nisoheu Iloohschule zu Carlsruhc, Bd. i, 

 1895. I-I. 2, pp. 148-183, Willi 2 Taf. 



('9(1). J\asi'.\ki;k, TiiEonoR. Fin einfacher Luftab- 

 schluss finssiger Nahrbfiden beim Knlti- 

 viercn anaerober Bakterien. Centralb. f. 

 Bakt , XX Bd., 1896, pp. 5,V:)-537, 2 figs. 



l'o6). L)i:ri-i.\?,i, 1 IkrherT E. On a self-acting means 

 of cultivating anaerobic miernbcs Jom" 

 P.atb. and Bact , vol lir, 1S96, pp. 231-2/1. 



('07). Beck, 1\1 Zur Ziicbtnng anaer-iber Kulturen. 



Centr.alb. f. Bakt , xx^ii Bd.. 1897, pp 343- 



345, with 2 figs. 

 CoS) ScTioi.TZ, W. Ueber das AVacbslum anaerober 



Baktcricn bei ungehindertem T^iftzutritt. 



Zeitschr f. PTyg , Bd. xxvii, 1898, pp. 132- 



142. Review in Centralb. f. Bakt., xxiv Bd 



T8r,8, p. 032. 

 ('98). Fi;uR,\N, T. l^eber das aernbische Verbalten 



des dV't.anusbacilhis Cenlralb f. Bakt 



XXIV Bd., 180S, pp. 2S-29 



Thinks his exjierinicnts show tetantts bacillus is not a 

 strict anaerobe, but only a facultative anaerobe. 



