96 Veterinary Medicine. 



charge may be arrested for weeks or months when such masses 

 block the outlet. 



Symptoms. The nasal discharge is intermittent or irregular, 

 being often partially or wholly suppressed by keeping the head 

 elevated, and reappearing or becoming profuse when it is lowered. 

 Feeding from the ground, nibbling roots, or pasturing, increases 

 the discharge, as the dependent position of the outlet, the jerk- 

 ing and shaking of the head and the movements of deglutition all 

 favor its exit. Swelling of the parotidean region, a flatness in- 

 stead of resonance on percussion, and the flattening and discharge 

 and sometimes gurgling by manipulation are characteristic. There 

 is cough, roaring during active exertion, sometimes dyspnoea, 

 and, in bad cases, food may be drawn into the bronchia with 

 serious and even fatal results. When the orifice is blocked and 

 the pouch filled with gas the elastic swelling and resilience are 

 characteristic, and pressure may flatten it with a gurgling sound. 

 These symptoms serve to differentiate it from peripharyngeal 

 abscess. The submaxillary lymphatic glands are usually swollen 

 but less than in glanders and not so hard. 



Treatment. In mild and recent cases in which the contents of 

 the pouch have not yet become thick and dry, a cure may be 

 effected ; in winter by feeding the animal from the ground and 

 largely with roots ; and in summer, by turning out to grass. In 

 either case the matter is allowed to escape almost as soon as 

 formed and the irritated membrane tends to resume its healthy 

 functions. This result will be favored by giving a course of 

 tonics as recommended in simple ozcena, and the application of a 

 mild blister to the throat. 



Should this fail an operation must be resorted to. Gunther, 

 of Hanover, uses an instrument in the form of a tube a yard long, 

 half an inch in diameter, slightly curved for two inches at one 

 end which is blind, and having an orifice on one side close to this 

 extremity. This tube having been introduced through the 

 chamber of the nose on the affected side and its curved end hav- 

 ing been carried into the narrow opening of the Eustachian 

 pouch, tepid water is pumped in and the pouch thoroughly 

 cleaned out. Astringent solutions are then employed. The in- 

 troduction of the tube is, however, a very difiicult operation and 

 one quite impossible to any one who has not the most accurate 

 knowledge of the parts in question. 



