NASAlv CATARRH IN DOG AND HORSE FROM I.IN- 



GUATAIvA (PENTASTOMA) TAENIOIDES. 



RHINARIA TAENIOIDES. 



Form. Family. Habitat when mature, and immature. Development. 

 Symptoms — sneezing, discharge, irritability, ill temper, shaking the head, 

 rubbing nose, parasites in discharge. Treatment — injections, trephining. 

 Prevention . 



This parasite has a worm-like body, but is closely allied to the 

 mites and belongs to the Arachnida. It differs from the mite in 

 having but four short limbs retractile and protractile and fur- 

 nished with sharp claws. The body is thickest toward the ante- 

 rior end and prolonged and narrow posteriorly ; marked by about 

 90 rings ; head rounded off abruptly, mouth broadly open, with 

 a horny lip ; integument with numerous openings or stigmata 

 (respiratory) ; male 7 lines long by a line broad in its anterior 

 part, genital orifice on the front part of the abdomen in the me- 

 dian line ; female 3 to 4 inches long, by 3 or 4 lines broad anteri- 

 orly ; genital opening at the end of the tail. Reproductio7i ovi- 

 parous. 



Habitat. Nasal chambers and sinuses of the dog, wolf, goat, 

 and horse. 



Pentastom.a Denticulata. The young partially developed P. 

 Taenioides. Has all the rings except the two first, garnished with 

 fine sharp regurved spines ; legs more slender with accessory 

 booklets ; length 2 lines ; breadth \ line. 



Habitat. Cysts in the lungs, liver, mesenteric glands, etc., of 

 the hare, porpoise, goat, sheep, and other mammals, not except- 

 ing man. 



Development. I,euckart found that the adult Pentastomata 

 copulate in the nasal chambers, as many as half a million of eggs 

 being fertilized in a single female ; that these eggs are discharged 

 with the nasal mucus, and falling on vegetables are taken in by 

 herbivora ; their shells are digested and destroyed in the stomach, 

 and the liberated embryos perforate the intestinal walls and en- 

 cyst themselves in various organs. The encysted embryo varies 

 from -^-^ to -^ inch in length, is rounded and blunt anteriorly but 

 very thin posteriorly with the tail slightly curved toward the ven- 

 tral aspect. It is several months before the feet, cutaneous spine 

 and generative organs are developed, and during this, period it 

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