Nasal Catarrh in Dog and Horse from Linguatula Taenioides. 119 



undergoes several moultings. Finally it leaves its cyst and may 

 live free in the cavities in the body of its host, and if it does not 

 escape from the body it finally constructs a new cyst and then 

 dies. If the host is eaten by a carnivorous animal the liberated 

 pentastomata reach the nose either from the lips or pharynx and 

 in a few months more acquire their complete development. They 

 must reach the nose of the horse by their presence in the food or 

 water. 



Symptoms Caused by the Pentastoma. No morbid symptoms 

 have been traced to the young encysted condition of the parasite. 

 Yet it would not be surprising if their presence in large numbers 

 in the mesenteric glands and liver should give rise to troubles of 

 assimilation, sanguification, biliary secretion and the like. Fre- 

 richs says they are more common in the human liver in Germany 

 than echinococcus, but adds that they have no clinical importance. 



In their mature condition however they cause considerable irri- 

 tation and nasal discharge when present in large numbers. In 

 dogs there is running from the nose the discharge containing an 

 abundance of the ova, restless, fretful habits, sometimes a mor- 

 bid readiness to bite, frequent shaking of the head and rubbing 

 of the face. 



The treatment would be to trephine the sinuses and inject lo- 

 tions impregnated with creosote, carbolic acid or^naphtha. From 

 the danger to man of becoming infested it is important to ascer- 

 tain the true nature of any nasal discharge of the dog especially 

 in countries like Germany and Egypt in which this parasite is 

 common. 



Prevention. Deny raw offal of herbivora to dogs. 



AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT. 



Sore throat, Angina, Cynanche — is a generic. name applied to a 

 series of inflammatory affections of the various structures about 

 the throat. If the larynx is specially inflamed the disease is 

 known as laryngitis, if the pharynx, as pharyngitis, if there are 

 exudations forming false membranes it is croupous or diphtheritic, 

 or if associated with some general febrile affection, it takes its 

 name accordingly, influenza, strangles, distemper, or scarlatina, 

 as the case may be. 



