122 Veterinary Medicine. 



distinguish it from pharyngitis. The cough is at first very hard 

 and painful and only gives way to a soft mucous type when a free 

 mucous exudation puts an end to the tense, thickened and dry 

 state of the mucous membrane. The inspiratory act is accom- 

 panied by a whistling or deep bass sound, particularly after the 

 slightest exertion. This may be heard at times during expiration 

 as well, though not invariably so. Sometimes the animal drops 

 the food from his mouth after mastication, because of the pain 

 attendant on swallowing, but this is really a symptom of coexist- 

 ing pharyngitis, and its absence implies the nonexistence of that 

 complication. There is usually a slight pasty swelling between 

 the branches of the lower jaw. 



There are besides the general symptoms of fever more or less 

 marked, such as increased temperature, accelerated pulse, red in- 

 jected eyes and nose, slightly hastened breathing, the expiration 

 being effected by a double lifting of the flank as in broken wind, 

 (heaves) etc. In one or two days a slightly frothy, serous dis- 

 charge appears and rapidly encreases. 



In two or three days in favorable cases this exudation becomes 

 opaque, white, flocculent, muco-purulent, the cough becomes 

 softer and less frequent, the local tenderness decreases and the 

 general symptoms subside. The hand applied over the larynx 

 detects a fremitus, and sibilant or strident riles are developed. 



If exudation delays, the symptoms may become more intense, 

 and breathing may get loud and difficult in connection with thick- 

 ening and rigidity of the mucous membrane, or a serous exuda- 

 tion into it and beneath it (oedema glottidis) wjiich by closing the 

 glottis renders breathing almost impossible. The same distress- 

 ing symptoms may arise from spasm of the larynx excited by the 

 inflammatory action. As arising from thickening or infiltration 

 of the membrane these symptoms may come on comparatively 

 slowly, but in the case of spasm they appear suddenly and have 

 periods of intermission, reappearing on succeeding days and 

 usually at the earlier part of the night. In such circumstances 

 the loud, noisy breathing is heard at a considerable distance, the 

 horse stands obstinately still, the fore feet apart, his elbows turned 

 out to allow a freer action of the chest, the flanks working 

 laboriously, the head low, the nose protruded, the nostrils widely 

 dilated, the mouth open, the eyes standing out from their sockets 



