Dyspncea Laryngea. Roaring, Hemiplegia Laryngia. 153 



ticipate or arrest the roaring, Miiller's roaring dogs were used 

 in draught and thus compelled to severe exertion irrespective of 

 their own desires. 



It remains to notice a few instances in which dissection estab- 

 lished the connection of interference with the nerve at some part 

 of its course and the existence of roaring. 



(a.) Godine found in a roarer a tumor about the size of a 

 chicken's egg, pressing on the commencement of the pulmonary- 

 artery. He attributed the roaring to the impaired circulation of 

 blood in the lungs by the pressure on the artery. Considering 

 that the tumor must have been precisely in the situation of the 

 left recurrent nerve at its point of origin, it becomes much more 

 probable that the symptom resulted from pressure on this nerve. 



(b. ) The elder Bouley found in one case a considerable engorge- 

 ment of the group of lymphatic glands in the anterior part of the 

 chest and through the center of which the left recurrent nerve 

 passed. 



(c. ) Fergusson of Dublin dissected a roarer in which he found 

 besides .some tumors of the lymphatic glands in the pelvic and 

 sub-lumbar regions, an indurated and enlarged gland about four 

 inches behind the anterior opening of the thorax. The recurrent 

 nerve between this and the larnyx was wasted so that its fibres 

 could scarcely be recognized, the laryngeal muscles on that side 

 were atrophied, and degenerated, and the glottis distorted and 

 partly closed. Fergusson has in his description made the mistake 

 of writing the right for the left ; it is evident that the right recur- 

 rent nerve could not possibly pass through a tumor in the situa- 

 tion described. 



(d.) Gamgee furnishes a drawing of an immense tumor filling 

 up the anterior part of the chest, pressing on the vagi and recur- 

 rent nerves and causing roaring. Such tumors and inflamma- 

 tory engorgements have been frequently noted since, and may be 

 of the most varied kind — strangles, lymphadenoma, melanoma 

 (in gray or white horses), tubercle, sarcoma, carcinoma, etc. 

 Phlegmonous inflammations of the bronchial or mediastinal 

 glands, aneurism of the aorta, sacculated and impacted gullet, 

 are other causes of compression and wasting of the nerve. 



(e. ) The Clinique of the Alfort Veterinary School furnishes 

 the following among other cases of roaring consequent on inflam- 



