Dyspnoea Laryngea. Roaring. Hemiplegia Laryngea. 159 



in breathing from an accumulation of fat about the throat are 

 not necessarily objectionable. 



The employment of the bearing rein so as to compress and dis- 

 tort the larynx is to be avoided. If bearing reins are used in 

 horses having short thick necks and badly set on heads and 

 especially with intermaxillary narrowness they should be passed 

 through rings in the cheek piece of the bridle or between the ears 

 and over the forehead (overdraw check) so that while the head 

 is elevated the nose may be projected forward after the Russian 

 fashion of equitation. This measure has indeed appeared to cure 

 several cases of roaring. I have met with fewer roarers in the 

 same number of horses in America than in England, and this I 

 attribute in part to the better mode of using the bearing rein on 

 this side of the Atlantic. 



The Chick Vetch (lyathyrus Cicera) should be excluded from 

 the fodder of horses or used in small proportion only. In man it 

 is found to be injurious when it forms a twelfth part of the bread 

 used and gives rise to paralysis if it amounts to a third (Aitken). 



Paliative and Curative treatment. Medicinal treatment will 

 prove useless in the great majority of cases : as for example in 

 paralysis and degeneration of the muscles, in ossifications, frac- 

 tures, or distortions of the cartilages, etc. , etc. Nevertheless where 

 there is merely thickening of the membrane of the larynx altera- 

 tive and tonic treatment may be successful especially if associated 

 with iodine ointment or active blisters applied to the throat. A 

 case is reported by Dupuy in which a course of arsenic cured. In 

 these cases as well as in those due to ulceration of the membrane 

 the application of caustic by means of a staff and sponge as ad- 

 vised in laryngitis may prove beneficial. In some cases of this 

 kind the application of the firing iron to the region of the larynx 

 has an excellent effect. Setons have proved useful in some cases. 



In cases due to tumors or enlarged glands pressing on the air 

 passages the internal use of iodine and other alteratives and di- 

 uretics, and the local applications of iodine, or mercurial ointments 

 or of blisters have been successful. Failing in this the tumors 

 may be removed with the knife when accessible. 



If by auscultation the existence and position of a band of lymph 

 can be made out, tracheotomy may be performed and the band 

 excised. Percivall with reason doubts the possibility of the 

 diagnosis. 



