172 Veterinary Medicine. 



breathing, lay on the sternum with head fully extended, and 

 were attacked at intervals with paroxysms of violent coughing, 

 dyspncea, stertor, and vomiting. The tracheal mucosa was 

 covered with red vegetations, over an inch in diameter, and com- 

 posed largely of embryonal cells in a very vascular fibrous 

 framework. 



Nocard notes similar cases in the dog, the vegetations situ- 

 ated at the level of the bifurcation of the trachea and in one 

 case extended well into the bronchia. Some of these cases lived 

 for a year after the onset, and did not die of the disease but 

 were killed by the impatient owner. 



Merkle describes rnelanotic tumors of the trachea in a horse, 

 and Hink, sarcoma — encephaloid of the windpipe of an ox. 



Symptoms. The phenomena are somewhat alike in all these 

 cases, the obstructed breathing, dyspnoea, cough, sometimes 

 bleeding, extension of the head, and in case of loosely pedicu- 

 lated tumors intermittent paroxysms threatening asphyxia 

 which may finally carry off the animal. 



Treatment. The only resort in such cases is tracheotomy and 

 extirpation in suitable cases, especially in pediculated tumors in 

 the cervical region of the trachea. Sessile tumors, with a broad 

 base, implicating the whole thickness of the tracheal walls, may 

 in certain cases prove inoperable unless a tracheotomy tube can 

 be permanently worn below the level of the operation. Malig- 

 nant growths are hopeless as a rule. 



