CHRONIC BRONCHITIS IN THE HORSE. 

 BRONCHIAI, CATARRH. 



As Sequel of Acute : as result of unhygienic environment, diet and usage. 

 Symptoms, breathing accelerated, double expiratory act, short breath, cough 

 husky, or paroxysmal, excited by cold air, water, discharge white floccu- 

 lent. Percussion, drum-like patches ; Auscultation mucous and sibilant rUles. 

 Lesions, thick mucus, pale membrabes, bronchiectasis, emphysema, ulcera- 

 tion. Thick wind. Treatment, stimulating, tonic, derivative, medicated 

 vapors, careful diet. Tar water. 



This may be a sequel of the acute form, or it may appear at 

 once as a catarrhal discharge from the bronchial tubes and with- 

 out any very marked febrile affection, in animals debilitated by 

 damp stables, overwork and faulty regimen and diet. 



Symptoms. Respiration accelerated, and expiration effected 

 with a double lifting of the flank ; the horse is easily blown when 

 moderately exercised ; the cough is frequent, soft or rattling and 

 paroxysmal — sometimes hard and deep — is excited when brought 

 from the warm stable into the cold air, and is followed by a 

 whitish, flocculent, purulent discharge from the nostrils, con- 

 sistent but not sticky (like buttermilk). The pulse is rapid and 

 small in volume. 



Percussion manifests a healthy resonance over the greater part 

 or all of the chest, a drum-like sound over given areas, and auscul- 

 tation over its median part detects a bronchial rattle and in most 

 cases a dry sibilant rale. 



After death the bronchial tubes are found to contain an abund- 

 ance of thick mucus, though abnormal redness of the mucous 

 membrane is by no means a necessary condition. There is always 

 more or less dilatation of the bronchial tubes especially at their 

 points of subdivision where they are often twice their healthy 

 calibre, and an emphysematous state of the lungs is equally con- 

 stant. The walls are often greatly thickened. Delafond and 

 Rodet have noted minute ulcers on the bronchial mucous mem- 

 brane and Reynal miliary abscesses and grayish and white indu- 

 rations of the lung tissue and bronchial glands which may have 

 been glanderous. Nodular indurations result from peribronchitis 

 as follows : Inflammation extends outward from the mucosa into 



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