222 Vetermary Medicine. 



paradoxus in the air passages, especially in young and growing 

 animals. 



Symptoms. In • simple bronchitis there is early the hoarse 

 raucous cough, merging into the loose, mucous or gurgling one, 

 with a more or less abundant, filamentous, or muco-purulent dis- 

 charge. In the form which results from smut, there is the 

 accompaniment of irritation of the digestive organs, with profuse 

 diarrhoea, and the fever, pulse, and general symptoms of bron- 

 chitis. In the bronchial strongylosis the general symptoms are 

 complicated and explg.ined by the presence of the round worms or 

 their eggs in the expectoration. The bronchial sounds are lia- 

 ble to be wheezing and the chronic cases may show little obvious 

 symptom beyond a frequent cough and a persistent low condition. 



Lesions. In the form determined by smut the tracheal mucosa 

 shows fine punctiform petechiae and ero.sions. These are con- 

 tinued into the bronchia and on microscopical section, the mucosa 

 shows numerous clubshaped cells perforated by punctiform open- 

 ings. These are the spores of the smut imbedded in the mem- 

 brane and causing necrotic degeneration. In other respects there 

 are the marked congestion of the mucosa, the softening of the 

 epithelium, its desquamation, the resulting erosions, and the 

 covering of muco-purulent matter. The walls of the bronchia 

 and the peribronchial connective tissue may show fibroid degen- 

 eration even to sclerosis. The lower portions of the anterior and 

 median pulmonary lobes are liable to be infiltrated, consolidated 

 with numerous yellowish foci having each a clearer transparent 

 outer zone. 



Treatment. Inhalations of warm water vapor, sulphur fumes, 

 volatilized ammonium chloride, carbolic acid, creolin, oil of tur- 

 pentine, may be given. A laxative, followed by a course of 

 ammonium chloride, ipecacuanha, or senega may be useful. 

 Warm, sloppy drinks and mashes are all important. Soothing 

 warm compresses to the chest are equally important, to be fol- 

 lowed by active frictions with a liniment of equal parts of 

 ammonia and oil closely covered for half an hour to prevent 

 evaporation. 



Bronchitis from smut demands especially warm water vapor 

 inhalations, impregnated with oil of turpentine, camphor, or 

 menthol. 



