256 Veterinary Medicine. 



BACTERIOLOGY. 



a. Bacillus of FriedlXnder. This is a short rod with 

 rounded ends, often merely oval, occurring in pairs or chains of 

 four and under given circumstances surrounded by a transparent 

 gelatinous capsule. It is aerobic, non-motile, does not liquefy 

 gelatine, nor sporulate, and in gelatine stick cultures has a nail- 

 like growth. This was found by Friedlander, Frobenius, 

 Weichselbaum and Wolf in the pulmonary alveoli in a small pro- 

 portion of cases of fibrinous pneumonia in man. The cultures, 

 injected into the lungs of animals, killed one dog (out of five), six 

 Guinea-pigs (out of eleven), and thirty-two mice (all the in- 

 jected). I/Csions were intense congestion of the lungs, seropuru- 

 lent pleural effusion, and enlarged spleen, while the bacillus 

 swarmed in the blood and exudate. 



Micrococcus Pneumonia Croupos^. First found by Stern- 

 berg in his own saliva in health, and by Pasteur in the saliva of a 

 rabid child. Afterward found in the great majority of lungs 

 affected with fibrinous pneumonia in man, by Talamon, Salvioli, 

 Sternberg, Frankel, Weichselbaum, Netter, Gamaleai, etc. Ivater 

 it was found in meningitis, in ulcerative endocarditis, in ar- 

 thritis, in otitis media, and in acute abscess in man. 



It is a spherical or oval coccus, arranged in pairs, in fours, or ex- 

 ceptionally in eights or tens. I,anceolate forms are the rule in 

 the blood of animals, and circular in artificial cultures. It stains 

 readily in aniline colors and by Gram's method, grows in ordinary 

 culture media, at 37° C. in the absence of free acid, and in 

 gelatine stick cultures, as small, white colonies along the line of 

 culture without liquefying the gelatine. It dies in ten minutes 

 at 52° C. (Sternberg). Its virulence lessens in artificial cul- 

 tures, but is restored by passing throu gh the body of a suscepti- 

 ble animal. 



Injection into the lungs or trachea of rabbits, mice, sheep and, 

 less certainly. Guinea-pigs, produced distinct fibrinous pneumonia 

 filled with the microbe. In dogs, subcutaneously, 'it caused ab- 

 scess, but in the lungs an acute fibrinous pneumonia which only 

 exceptionally proved fatal, recovery usually taking place in ten to 

 fifteen days. 



Klemperer induced immunity, sometimes lasting six months, 

 by intravenous injection of filtered cultures. 



