Acute Fibrinous Pneumonia. Pneumonitis in the Horse. 257 



DiPLococcus (streptococcus) Pneumonia Contagiosa 

 Equina. First found by Schiitz in the lungs of pneumonic 

 horses in 1887. It is an oval coccus arranged usually in pairs or 

 in threes or fours, and surrounded by a transparent envelope. 

 It stains in aniline colors but not by Gram's method. It is aero- 

 bic and grows in gelatine at ordinary temperature without lique- 

 fying it and in stick cultures, forms a line of small, white, sepa- 

 rate colonies which do not coalesce by growth. Does not grow 

 on the surface of the gelatine around the puncture. I,ine cul- 

 tures on agar are in colonies like minute transparent droplets. 

 In bouillon it develops long chains. 



Inoculated on the rabbit. Guinea-pig and mouse, it produced 

 death with pneumonic affections (hsemorrhagic congestion or in- 

 flammation'), but it failed to take in some of the rabbits and Guinea- 

 pigs. Chickens and pigs proved immune. Injected into the 

 horse's lung or as spray into the trachea it produced true fibrin- 

 ous pneumonia. . Fiedaler and others obtained similar results, 

 Peter has found the faeces of pneumonic horses virulent, an im- 

 portant point in connection with disinfection. 



Schiitz found that 20 grammes of the culture, in an equal 

 quantity of boiled water, injected into the horse's trachea, pro- 

 duced a rise of temperature by two or three degrees, with rigors, 

 cough, accelerated pulse, elevated temperature, dyspnoea and 

 prostration, but that this subsided in a few hours. By repeating 

 this every thirty-six hours, the fourth or fifth would fail to pro- 

 duce a reaction and the subject proved immune. (See Conta- 

 gious Pneumonia, Vol. IV). 



Cadeac's Diplococcus Pneumonia Equina. In the lungs 

 of cases of contagious pleuro-pneumonia of the horse Cadeac found 

 a round non-capsulated coccus appearing in pairs, or rarely in 

 chains, and staining by Gram's method. It grew slowly in 

 bouillon and agar at 37° C, forming on the latter in twenty-four 

 hours, a thick, whitish, oily drop, which, as it grew larger, as- 

 sumed a silvery whiteness, and dried in the center. In bullion 

 it precipitated a powdery sediment. The reaction of the culture 

 medium was unchanged. It lost virulence rapidly in artificial 

 cultures or by a heat of 50° C, and it died in ten minutes at a 

 temperature of 60" C. Virulence was long retained when dried, 

 or even in putrid material. 

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