296 Veterinary Medicine. 



branches feathering backward, so that it could pass forward but 

 could not return. The bronchium was dilated and the adjacent 

 lung was consolidated with its pleura adherent to the ribs. 



A common cause of the inhaling of foreign bodies is found in 

 injuries or paralysis of the central or peripheric nerves. Experi- 

 mental section of the vagus nerve showed long ago a resulting 

 congestion of the bronchia and lungs and the inhalation of foreign 

 bodies. The latter depends usually on the motor paralysis of the 

 larynx through implication of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. 

 But the same result may follow injury to the superior laryngeal 

 and the sensory paralysis of the larynx. Any wound, therefore, 

 implicating the vagus in front of the base of the heart, or the su- 

 perior or inferior lar yngeal nerve may thus lay the foundation 

 of broncho-pneumonia, and any inflammatory swelling or tumor 

 along the course of these nerves may bring about the same con- 

 dition. The phlegmons of the pharyngeal region in strangles, 

 and the resulting abscesses, the collections in the guttural pouches, 

 adenoma, actinomycosis, carcinoma, or other morbid formations 

 in this region, phlebitis of the jugulars, and phlegmons, abscesses 

 or tumors of the prepectoral or bronchial lymph glands, may one 

 or other paralyze the vagus or its branches and impair the func- 

 tions of the larynx with resulting inhalation. 



Paralysis of the peripheral nerves conferring sensation on the 

 mucosa of pharynx and larynx is caused by solutions of tartar 

 emetic, and certain styptic and astringent agents so that the 

 pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles fail to respond to the presence 

 of solids and liquids and these accordingly fall into the larynx 

 and descend into the lungs (Bouley). On the same basis a local 

 paralysis or anaesthesia might be expected from cocaine, ether, 

 chloroform, chloral and other anaesthetics. 



Central paralysis from brain disease and especially such as 

 comes from trouble in the pons or medulla has the same effect. 

 Among these may be named the paralysis from cryptogamic fod- 

 der, from vetches (vicia sativa), from ripening ryegrass (lolium 

 perenne), from millet and other plants. Encephalitis, meningo- 

 encephalitis, hydrocephalus, and dourine come in the same list. 



In advanced tetanus the extension of spasm to the pharynx 

 and larynx, may lead to inhalation. 



Finally, in the course of surgical operations under an anses- 



