Broncho- Pneumonia from Inhalation. 301 



To conteract putrefaction, antiseptic inhalations from tar, car- 

 bolic acid, creoline, cresyl, lysol, oil of turpentine, etc., are usu- 

 ally resorted to. Fumigations of dilute sulphurous acid or chlorine 

 may be tried. Peroxide of hydrogen (i percent solution) has 

 a better effect, poured quickly through the tracheotomy wound 

 into the lung. This is a comparatively bland antiseptic, purifying 

 for the time the air tubes and the foreign bodies, and tending to take 

 up in suspension the debris of the latter and wash it out. The 

 solution is poured in until efforts are made to expel it and it is 

 in great part discharged carrying with it much of the offensive 

 material. It may be repeated once or twice a day and need not in- 

 terfere with the inhalation of gaseous antiseptics. 



INHALATION BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA IN CATTLE. 



Causes. These are largely those already described for the 

 horse. In administering medicine there is much greater danger 

 than in the horse : first, because the agents are usually given in 

 a liquid form, and second, because when the nose is elevated the 

 patient cannot resist swallowing liquids placed in his mouth and 

 which pass at once beneath the very short, soft palate into ^ 

 the pharynx. In indiscreet drenching, therefore, when a con- 

 stant current of liquid is flowing back from the mouth, some is 

 inevitably drawn into the larynx in inspiration. Even water 

 striking the laryngeal mucosa, rouses croup, and medicinal agents 

 are more injurious in proportion to their irritant qualities. Once 

 rouse a cough and it is followed instantly by a sudden and deep 

 inspiration through the mouth which carries into the lungs any 

 liquid left in the buccal cavity. The line of safety lies in not 

 raising the nose too high, nor pouring the liquid in in a large or 

 continuous stream, and in dropping the head instantly the moment 

 there is shown a disposition to cough. Sacrifice any liquid that 

 may be in the mouth (the loss may be estimated and added to the 

 dose) and never run the risk of inhalation pneumonia. 



A second practice which is even more reprehensible is that of 

 dragging the tongue out and holding it fast during the giving of 

 the drench. The movements of the tongue are essential to nor- 

 mal deglutition, and while it is true that forcible dragging on the 

 tongue and straightening it, prevents the application of its root 



