314 Veterinary Medicine. 



more frequent and painful, dyspnoea more trying and the double 

 lift of the flank more marked. 



When it advances from pleurisy, there is the gradual weaken- 

 ing of the respiratory murmur over the affected area, and a slow 

 decrease of resonance on percussion. 



Diagnosis. The most diagnostic signs are : the preliminary 

 evidence of inflammation in the chest, followed by a marked de- 

 crease of temperature, perhaps to normal, improvement of pulse, 

 and appetite, without any lessening of the percussion flatness, or 

 any increase of the area of respiratory murmur. The persistent 

 breathlessness, weakness and perspiration under exertion are also 

 marked features. 



From tumors it is distinguished by being less circumscribed, 

 by the cough and the discharge. 



From hydrothorax, by the absence of the dullness on percus- 

 sion up to a given horizontal line only. 



From emphysema, by the marked discharge under exertion and 

 the absence of the extensive drum-like resonance, on percussion, 

 over a large area of lung, and by the soft, mucous character of 

 the cough, at intervals if not continuously, in contrast with the 

 uniformly dry, weak, husky and abortive cough of heaves. 



Treatment must be essentiallj^ preventive as little can be ex- 

 pected of a lung in which firmly organized fibrous tissue has 

 taken the place of the pulmonary tissue. Every effort should be 

 made to favor removal of exudates in inflammation, and to pre- 

 vent their organization. This comes under the general headings 

 of capillary bronchitis, pneumonia and pleurisy. But even when 

 all acute inflammatory action has ceased, and the exudates have 

 been partially organized, some reabsorption may be looked for in 

 favorable cases. Stimulant expectorants (oil of turpentine, ter- 

 pine, terpinol, balsam of Tolu or Peru, tar water, guaiac, chlo- 

 ride or carbonate of ammonia) may give good service. Alkaline 

 diuretics (bicarbonate of soda, nitrate or acetate of potash, iodide 

 of potassium) will serve to liquefy and favor removal. Diuretics 

 greatly favor absorption. Tonics, especially those with a special 

 action on the nerves of the respiratory system and nutrition, 

 (arsenious acid, arseniate of soda, arseniate of strychnia) are not 

 to be omitted. Finally nourishing food, good hygiene and even 

 breathing exercise are of great service. As massage disperses 



