3i6 Veterinary Medicine. 



an acute inflammation of the air passages ; a persistent cough, 

 dry, rarely moist, roused by driving, or pinching the back ; hur- 

 ried or even difiicult breathing under exercise ; wheezing or sib- 

 ilant rales in the chest ; a reduction of the percussion resonance 

 over given areas, with increased or even drum-like resonance 

 around it ;' dry, withered hair, sometimes erect on chine or back ; 

 hidebound ; dry muzzle ; drooping ears ; slight tympanies ; con- 

 stipation or diarrhoea. 



The idea of tuberculosis should be excluded by a tuberculin 

 test without reaction, and by the absence of indications of 

 tubercle elsewhere. Disease of the heart should be eliminated 

 by a careful test of its sounds, rhythm and area. 



Treatment. In the early stages treatment would be as in the 

 horse. With advanced conditions of disease it would be fruit- 

 less. A good judgment may be formed on the recent nature of 

 the lesions, the usefulness of the animal for milk or breeding, 

 and the ease with which she might be fattened for the butcher. 



DOG. 



Causes. As in other animals chronie fibrous pneumonia is 

 liable to supervene on an acute attack : (distemper, capillary 

 bronchitis, broncho-pneumonia, pneumokoniosis or dust-inhala- 

 tion pneumonia) ; as in cattle it is very liable to result from 

 tuberculosis, and again it follows parasitic invasion (strongylus 

 vasorum, aspergillus). 



As in the other animals it is a lighter form of inflammation 

 the exudates of which can form into new tissue. Old dogs that 

 have suffered from chronic bronchitis or inhalation pneumonia 

 are especially liable to suffer in this way. Tuberculosis is a not 

 uncommon condition, cicatrices of healed cavities, and exten- 

 sions into the lung being met with. Inhalation of coal dust or 

 soot has again and again been incriminated and the anthracnosis 

 has even been produced by keeping dogs in a room lighted with 

 ill-burning oil lamps. The fine particles of carbon which adhere 

 to the bronchial mucosa are mostly carried out by ciliary action 

 and are coughed up. That which reaches the alveoli being 

 beyond the reach of the cilia, becomes englobed in the wandering 

 leucocytes and reaching the lymph plexuses in the pulmonary 



