334 Veterinary Medicine. 



In some insidious cases, indeed, the fever is very slight and besides 

 the general wasting of the animal, the indications obtained by 

 physical examination alone enable us to recognize the malady. 

 Tuberculous pleurisy which is very common in cattle is to be 

 suspected in such cases, and the tuberculin test should be applied. 



Effusion is recognized by the dullness of the lower part of the 

 chest up to a certain line, and often unilateral, by the softer 

 pulse, by the dilated nostrils, or open mouth, the contracted 

 facial muscles, by the glazed eye, and anxious expression, by 

 oppressed breathing and often by engorgement under the chest 

 and in the limbs. 



When the disease lasts over ten or twelve days it tends to pass 

 into the chronic form. Or a chronic pleurisy of a subacute t3rpe 

 may begin de novo and pursue an insidious and latent course. 



If the disease commences as a subacute affection there may 

 have been for a month, capricious appetite, general ill-health 

 and falling away before any other symptom is noticed. Now 

 the breathing is manifestly excited, a small, short cough is heard 

 at intervals, the pulse is accelerated but weak, and pinching 

 auscultation and percussion detect unequivocal signs of pleurisy. 

 From this the symptoms become more decided though for a length 

 of time they are very slight, the animal meanwhile becomes 

 increasingly emaciated, and perishes ultimately in a state of great 

 weakness. Such insidious cases are always to be stispected of 

 tuberculosis, and should be tested with tuberculin. 



The post mortem appearances resemble those of the horse. 

 The surface of the lung beneath the diseased portions of pleura, 

 however, often presents a marbled appearance from the infiltration 

 of the areolar tissue between the adjacent pulmonary lobules.. 

 The organization of the false membranes begins on an average 

 about the tenth day. The effusion, reddish at first, becomes 

 clear after lo to 20 days. It is more likely to be unilateral than 

 in the horse. 



Treatment. The same general principles must be followed as 

 in the horse. Bleeding can rarely be employed, partly because 

 the disease so often assumes a subacute form, and partly because 

 when first seen, considerable effusion has oftentimes already taken 

 place and severe depletive measures are thereby contra-indicated. 



A laxative dose (i ft.) of sulphate magnesia, may be given in 



