524 Veterinary Medicine. 



poor feeding), of liquid faeces, urine, or pus, often determine a 

 marked and even dangerous ansemia. 



The rapid growth of multiple tumors as of melanosis in gray- 

 horses has been noticed to cause profound ansemia (Bouley). 



Perhaps no cause is more potent than the attacks of parasites 

 and especially such as live by sucking the blood. The cases of 

 numerous strongyli of the lungs, stomach, and intestine, the 

 trichocephalus, and allied round worms, the trematodes of the 

 liver, and the cytodites of birds furnish striking examples of the 

 bloodless and debilitated condition which they may produce. In 

 man and animals uncinaria cause ansemia in Egypt, Italy (St. 

 Gothard), America, and elsewhere; the same with pyroplasma 

 tryponosoma and bothriocephala in different countries. These 

 are believed to operate through toxins as well. 



Chronic exhausting diseases, especially those which affect 

 the digestive organs and mesenteric glands, are prolific causes. 

 So with Bright' s disease. 



Connected with these are defects in diet or hygiene. Starva- 

 tion, unsuitable, innutritions, or indigestible food, too laxative 

 food, damp, dark, draughty or unventilated stables, and irregu- 

 larity in feeding, watering and work, are all potent factors in 

 inducing ansemia. 



Diseases of the masticatory apparatus (broken jaw, dis- 

 eased teeth), preventing the preparation of food, and pharyngeal 

 troubles interfering with deglutition are other causes. Finally 

 overwork is not to be forgotten. 



Toxic ansemia may occur from the ingestion of lead, mercury, 

 or arsenic. 



Symptoms. These may be little marked at the outset in slowly 

 developing cases. Extra pallor of the mucous membranes, 

 fatigue and even breathlessness on slight exertion, a small, weak 

 pulse, with a tendency to become rapid, with violent heart beats, 

 when excited. 



At a more advanced stage the mucosae, especially the buccal, 

 are pale and thin, the muscles are soft, flabby and weak, fatigue 

 and perspiration are easily induced, the feet are advanced more 

 nearly in the median line of the body, and the toes strike on any 

 obstacles, the pulse is weak, small and quick, and the heart easily 

 excited even to palpitation, and with an occasional anaemic mur- 



