556 Veterinary Medicine. 



melanosis, inveterate disease of the skin, chronic fistula, abscess, 

 or mucous inflammation). 



The symptoms are those of enlarged glands with no material 

 sUrronnding engorgement. In the infections of tuberculosis and 

 glanders it shows a tendency to affect the whole group, whereas 

 in simple abscess or in suppuration of the nasal sinuses it may 

 implicate one gland only, the remainder appearing normal. 



Lesions. The gland often becomes indurated and even 

 shrunken, the connective tissue elements undergoing a steady in- 

 crease at the expense of the follicles and lymphoid cells. This is 

 a common condition of tuberculous glands (perl-knoten, grapes) 

 of cattle, but may result from the entrance of pigment or other 

 cause of mild irritation. In other cases, pigment entering from 

 without or developed from blood in the congested gland, finds 

 permanent lodgment in its tissue and may give it a gray mottled 

 or quite black aspect. In still other cases, there is a great in- 

 crease of the round lymphoid and larger polyhedral cells, many 

 of which degenerate, becoming strongly refracting, stain feebly, 

 or not at all, and pass into a cheesy degeneration. This is a com- 

 mon condition in tuberculosis and glanders, and the caseous cen- 

 tres, beginning as multiple miliary centres, may coalesce to form 

 masses of six or twelve inches in their greatest diameter, as in bo- 

 vine tuberculosis. In other cases the caseating mass becomes 

 the seat of calcareous deposit and the necrotic and caseated gland 

 becomes in part calcified. Other degenerative changes such as 

 atrophy, amyloid, and hyaline are met with but have received 

 little attention. 



Treatment will be subordinated to the primary cause. If that 

 is a simple local inflammation or irritation its removal will entail 

 a speedy improvement in the gland, and, in the absence of too 

 extensive structural change, a rapid recovery. The infectious 

 cases, on the other hand, are likely to prove as inveterate as the 

 disease on which they depend. In case the enlargement or con- 

 gestion of the gland persists after the removal of its primarj' 

 cause, local deobstruants, especially the preparations of iodine, 

 are usu,ally effective. Tincture of iodine with soap, iodide of 

 lead, and mercurial ointment have been severally used with ad- 

 vantage. Injection of a weak solution of iodine into the gland 

 will at times oucceed. The internal use of chloride of calcium or 

 iodide of potassium will often hasten recovery. 



