THE WALNUT — BLACK. 31 



which commenced to bear the second and third years. They now form 

 large spreading heads, and bear regularly. 



The process of converting these apparently worthless trees, except for 

 shade, into fruitful trees, was very simple, and has proved remunerative 

 and entirely satisfactory to its projector. 



In Ventura County are to be seen many walnut orchards of recent 

 planting budded and grafted on this stock. This was brought about by 

 the satisfactory results obtained from walnut orchards so worked of 

 early planting. In the past few years large plantings of walnuts have 

 been made, and many growers have given preference to trees grafted 

 and budded on this stock — /. Californica. 



VARIETIES OF THE BLACK WALNUT. 



Since the relative merits of stocks for the walnut have been discussed, 

 it is deemed proper to append a list of varieties with which further 

 trials can be made. The following varieties and their description 

 (marked with*) are taken from a bulletin on "Nut Culture in the 

 United States," issued by the Division of Pomology of the Department 

 of Agriculture: 



*Gordon. — "Size large, form cubical, slightly conical at each end, 

 shell of medium thickriess, cracking qualities good, kernel light-colored, 

 plump, quality excellent." — Virginia. 



*Missouri. — " Size medium, form oval, compressed, with quite smooth 

 shell, cracking qualities good, kernel light-colored, plump, flavor pleas- 

 ant, quite free from the grossness characterizing the species; quality 

 very good." — Missouri. 



*Peanut. — "A rather small pyriform nut. The shell is thin and 

 easily cracked, while the kernel, which is in the larger end of the nut, 

 comes out entire. The kernel is white and of delicate flavor," — Ohio. 



*Nurza. — "A large nut with thin shell, kernel large and of good 

 flavor. Also a strong grower." — Ohio. 



* Taylor. — "A quadrangular-pointed nut of good size. The shell is 

 thin and easily broken with a slight blow. The kernel is large, coming 

 out in halves; the meat is white and of fine quality."— Ohio. 



*• Thomas. — "Size large, form oblate, compressed, slightly pointed at 

 base, considerably so at apex, shell medium to thin, cracking qualities 

 medium, the kernel not easily removed in perfect halves from the shell, 

 flavor sweet, rich, quality good to very good."— Pennsylvania. 



American {"Eastern") (Plate X, Fig. 9).— So called by reason of 

 having been produced from seed imported from the East. The tree is 

 large and handsome, and reproduces itself or "comes the same" from 

 seed. The seed germinates easily, and the plants stand transplanting 

 and are easily budded, and grafted. It makes a beautiful shade tree 

 along driveways and avenues. The nut is of medium size, very dark, 

 and somewhat furrowed, and hard. , , , r t^- 



California {Juglans Californica, Watson) (Plate X, Figj 11).— A 

 rapid-growing tree, indigenous to the central and northern parts of the 

 ' State. It occurs nowhere below the Sierra Madre Mountains and Coast 

 Range in the wild state. " Comes the same " from seed, stands trans- 

 planting, and is easily budded and grafted. The nut is of medium size, 

 shell quite hard, and smooth. The kernel is quite rich and oily. This 



