ELEMENTARY BOTANY. 



appears to pass through the leaf near its base (Fig. 44), as 

 in , the Uvularia. In Honeysuckles the opposite leaves are 

 sometimes united at their bases, rendering them connate-per- 

 foliate (Fig. 45). Several kinds of leaves have no distinction 

 of blade and petiole; as the sword-shaped, ensiform (Lat. 

 ensis, sword), leaves of the Daffodils; the needle-shaped, acio- 

 ular (Lat. acus, needle), leaves of the Pine; and the scale- 

 shaped, squamose (Lat. squama, scale), leaves of the Junipers. 

 The surface of leaves differs in various species of plants. It 

 may be glabrous (smooth), or scabrous (rough) ; it is often 

 hairy, indicated by such terms as pubescent (with short hairs), 

 hirsute (with stiff hairs), villous (with long, soft hairs), lanose 

 (woolly). 



13. The Stipules are sometimes free, leaf-like appendages, 

 as in the Pea (Fig. 46), and perform the ordinary function of 



iTendril 



Fig. 46. 



Fig. 47. 



the leaves ; ordinarily, however, they are very much reduced 

 in size, as in the Bean; sometimes they take the shape of 

 bristles or prickles, as in the Locust. In the Smilax they 

 have the shape of tendrils. When united to the base of the 

 petioles, as in the Rose and Clover, they are said to be adnate. 



