28 



ELEMENTARY BOTANY. 



8. The principal terms used to designate the shape of the 

 leaves are : — linear, narrow, long, and of the same breadth 

 throughout (Fig. 12) ; lanceolate, long and narrow, tapering 

 upwards and downwards (Fig. 13) ; oblong, twice or thrice 

 as long as broad (Fig. 14) ; elliptical, oblong with a flowing 



f 



Fis. 12. 



Fig. 16. 



Fig. 17. 



outline (Fig. 15); oval, broadly elliptical (Fig. 16); ovate 

 shaped like an egg, the broader end downwards (Fig. 17) ; 

 orbicular, circular in outline, or nearly so (Fig. 18) ; oblance- 

 olate, like lanceolate, except with the more tapering end down- 

 wards (Fig. 19) ; spatulate, shaped like a spatula, that is. 



Fig. 18. 



Fig. 19. 20. 



round above and narrow below (Fig. 20) ; obovate, ovate, 

 with the narrow end downwards (Fig. 21) ; cuneate (Lat. 

 cunea, wedge), shaped like a wedge (Fig. 22). 



9. As to the base, leaves may be : — cordate, heart-shaped 

 (Fig. 23) ; reniform, kidney-shaped (Fig. 24) ; auriculate (Lat. 

 auricula, little ear), with ears or blunt projections (Fig. 25) ; 

 sagittate (Lat. sagitta, arrow), with pointed projections down- 

 wards (Fig. 26); hastate (Lat. hasta, spear), with pointed pro- 



