70 



PRACTICAL BOTANY. 



latter (Fig. 8). The quincuncial sort is fouud in the calyx 

 of Geranium, etc. 



Imbricated aestivation results from a spiral arrangement 

 of the floral leaves, and the valvate and contorted sorts are 

 probably due to their opposite, or vrhorled arrangement. 

 The figures, except ISTo. 5, are cross-sections, oi horizontal 

 slices of a floral circle in the bud. 



Oct xin. 



* * FRUIT AND SEED. 



136. A Feuit is a ripened ovary, with all its contents 

 and appendages. 



t ESSENTIAL PAETS OF THE FEUIT. 



137. The fruit consists of two cardinal parts — namely, 

 the pericarp and the seed, the former sometimes consoli- 

 dated with other organs, which were adnate to the pistils. 



138. The Peeicakp is that part of the fruit which 

 encloses the seed. It has its origin in one or more earpel- 

 lary leaves. The pericarp often remains herbaceous in 

 texture, like the pea-cod, or turns thin, dry, and membra- 



