148 mACTICAL BOTANY. 



SIO. Petals deeply 2-cleft or sharply emarginate. Pod 10- 

 valved at the top. Flowers -white, in terminal cymes. 



(186) Cerastiuiu. 



Petals entire, or only obtusely emarginate 211 



311. Leaves all fascicled, whorled, linear-filiform, with 



stipules. Stamens 10 (or 5). (187) Spergula arvensis, L. 



Leaves opposite, or only the upper ones fascicled, 



thread-form. Stipules none. (134) Sagina. 



313. (82.) Filaments all united in a very conspicuous 

 tube or column, sheathing the compound style, which is sev- 

 eral- or many-branched at the aper. Petals 5, united with 



each other and the staminal column at the base 213 



Stamens distinct 215 



313. Anthers usually more than 20 68 



Anthers 15-20 214 



314. Calyx with a 3-leaved involucel. Stigmas capitate. 

 Carpels 14-20,kidney-shaped, pointed, and at length 2-valved 

 at the hispid apex. Annuals or biennials, humble, procum- 

 bent, or creeping. Leaves 3- to 5-cleft ■ and cut. Flowers 

 small, solitary, axillaiy, pui-pliah. 



Modiola multifida, Mcench. 



Calyx naked at the base, 5-toothed. Flowers di- 

 oecious, the sterile ones without pistils, and with 15-20 an- 

 thers, the fertile with 6-10 united carpels and a short column 

 of filaments without anthers. Styles stigmatio down the 

 inner face. Perennials, tall, roughish. Lower leaves very 

 large, 9- to 11 -parted, the segments linear-lanceolate, coarsely- 

 toothed. Flowers small, white, in leafy panicles 880 



215, Calyx gamosepalous. Ovary superior 53 



Calyx polysepalous 216 



316. Sepals 2. Plants with milky or colored juice. ... 10 

 Sepals 2. Plant without milky juice. Petals 5. 

 Stamens 15-20. Style 3-lobed at the apex. Pod 1-celled (or 

 3-celled at the base, when young), 3-valved, with a many- 

 seeded globular placenta. Stems simple or branched, short, 



