244 PRACTICAL BOTANY. 



bractlets. Leaves 3-parted, the wedge-form lobes 2- to 3- 

 cleft, pubescent. Flowers greenish, axillary. 



Alchemilla arvensis, L. 

 Stamens 8-10. Leafless plants, with a simple scale- 

 bearing stem. (Sepals 4 or 5, concave and erect, like the 

 petals.) Stigma funnel-form. Pod 4- to 5-valved 126 



755. (640.) Ovary within the perianth. Stamens 6, 



either distinct or diadelphous 756 



Ovary under the perianth 757 



ySG. Perianth-leaves more or less distinct, or readily 

 separable ; 2 sepals and 4 petals — the two outer, or one of 

 the latter spurred or sac-like at the base; the two inner ones 

 callous and coherent at the top, including 6 diadelphous sta- 

 mens, the middle one in each set of 3 anthers largest and 2- 



celled, the lateral ones 1-celled. Leaves compound 221 



Perianth 2-lipped, tubular at the base, consisting of 

 6 sepals, the 3 upper of them united into. the upper lip, the 

 3 lower spreading, scarcely coherent and separable down to 

 the base of the tube. Stamens 6 — the 3 lower exsertcd, the 

 3 upper very short and often imperfect. Anthers blue. 

 Ovary 3-celled, 2 cells empty, the third one 1 -seeded. Fruit 

 an utricle. Scape 1 -leaved, terminating into a spike of 

 violet-blue flowers. Leaf cordate, oblong, obtuse. 



Fontederia cordata, L. 



yST. Perianth tubular, variously bent or curved and in- 

 flated above the ovary (sometimes S-form), its short limb 

 obtusely or obscurely 3-lobed. Stamens 6 ; the sessile an- 

 thers adnate to the short, 3- to 6-lobed or angled stigma. 

 Flowers axillary, greenish or lurid purple. Stem either 

 ei-ect and flexuous, or climbing and twining. Aristolochia. 

 A ringent perianth of 6 very irregular sepals, adhe- 

 rent below to the 1-celled ovary, with 3 parietal placenta. The 

 solitary stamen (or 2 stamens in Cypripedium) completely 

 coherent with the style, and forming with it the column. 

 The 3 outer and 2 of the 3 inner sepals consimilar in texture 

 and shape ; the middle (upper, or posterior) of the 3 inner 

 ones becoming (one case excepted) the lower and anterior, 

 from the twisting of the ovary, and differing from the rest 

 in shape and direction {laheUum, or lip). Lip frequently 

 lobed, and often spurred. Pollen cohering in waxy or mealy 

 masses (jpoUiniM). (Class: Qynandria, L.) 758 



