10 FUNGI AND FUNGICIDES. 



ORANGE RUST. 



This disease is familiar to most growers of blackberries and 

 raspberries. The disease becomes noticeable soon after the 

 leaves expand in the spring, turning them a golden color., 

 Soon small orange-colored spores appear on the surface of the 

 leaves. From these spores develop the winter spores, which 

 spread to the growing shoots just starting from the ground and 

 remain there until spring, to again infest the plant. 



All diseased canes should be cut and burned whenever dis- 

 covered. Spraying with the ammoniacal copper carbonate 

 solution will prove helpful, if applied on the winter spores. 



ONION MILDEW. 



California, with her large seed gardens, has suffered very 

 much from onion mildew in abnormal seasons. The seed 

 onions carry the hibernating spores, which soon attack the new 

 growth in spring. The disease is easily recognized by the 

 grayish, velvety coating on the new tops and blossom stalks. 

 If the land is to be used again for onions, all tops remaining 

 in the field after the seed has been collected should be burned, 

 and should never be plowed under, as is generally practiced. 

 Rotation of crops is much the safer preventive. 



Wherever practicable, the ammoniacal copper carbonate 

 solution can be used to good advantage. 



BEAN ANTHRACNOSE. 



Young bean pods are often attacked by this disease, some 

 varieties more than others. It can be readily recognized by 

 small reddish-brown spots, slightly depressed, on the surface 

 of the pods. These spots increase in size rather' rapidly and, 

 connecting with others, form long discolored blotches. The 

 pod becomes stunted and the young beans are generally shriv- 

 eled. Seed from diseased plants should never be used for 

 planting, as the spores upon them will first infest the young 

 growing plants and from them spread to the newly developed 

 pods. 



Soaking the seed in a diluted ammoniacal copper carbonate 

 solution before planting is a sure preventive. Spraying with 

 the Bordeaux mixture (diluted formula) has given good results. 

 Burning the old plants after harvest and making a clean cul- 

 'ture in general have much to do with a successful checking of 

 the fungus. 



