90 



DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 



Fig. 31. 



three drops of the 1 per cent, solution on the tongue three times 

 daily. With this drug the amount of saliva is greatly increased, 

 and the amount of fluid exudated greatly decreased. This must 

 never be administered where there is any disease of the lungs or 

 air- passages. 



4. Tapping or Puncturing the Abdomen. This is indicated where 

 there is a large collection of fluid that is pressing on the dia- 

 phragm, and also as a diagnostic procedure. 

 Whether it is best to remove the fluid in 

 all cases is a question that has not been de- 

 cided; yet the author is of the opinion that 

 the fluid should be removed, provided the 

 animal is robust and not too old, especially 

 as the operation is comparatively harmless, 

 and has the advantage over purgatives and 

 diuretics in that the accumulation is re- 

 moved quickly. In a number of cases the 

 fluid has not accumulated after one or more 

 punctures. Friedberger and Frohner have 

 seen old dogs that have died during or 

 shortly after the operation. The method 

 of puncturing is to take the ordinary tro- 

 car (Fig. 31); a narrow calibre one is the 

 best, even if it takes a long time to drain 

 out. We also avoid unconsciousness, which sometimes occurs 

 where a large quantity is drained out suddenly. 



The method of operating is very simple. The place to insert the Tro- 

 car is generally about the umbilical region, on or to one side of the linea 

 alba. The animal should be placed in a standing position. Should the 

 canula become plugged either by the omentum or intestines coming against 

 the opening of the canula, it is best to introduce an elastic catheter and 

 push them to one side. 



Trocars for ascites. 



DISEASES OP THE LIVER. 



Catarrhal Jaundice. 

 (Icterus Catarrhalis; Icterus Gastro-duodenalis.) 



Etiology. In catarrh of the stomach we often have symp- 

 toms of jaundice with that disease, especially where the inflamma- 



