102 DISEASES OF THE RESPIBATORT ORGANS. 



ing coughing generally comes from some trouble in the deep se 

 tions of the air-passages, larynx, windpipe, bronchia, or the lung 

 a rusty yellow discharge indicates croupous pneumonia ; this i 

 however, very rare. Frequent sneezing, with a copious puruler 

 bad-smelling discharge mixed with blood, points to the presence 

 pentastoma tsenioides in the frontal or nasal cavities. In cases 

 acute catarrh of the throat, foreign bodies, paralysis of the laryn: 

 or large tumors in the throat, the discharge may be mixed wi 

 some of the contents of the stomach. These affections are e 

 tremely rare in the dog compared with other animals. True cas 

 of bleeding of the nose are seen in hemorrhagic catarrh of th 

 organ, in suppurating conditions of the nasal cavities from the pe: 

 tastome, and also in distemper. Hemorrhage of the lungs is ind 

 cated when there are large masses of frothy blood discharged fro 

 the nose and mouth. Wheezy respiration is generally due 

 some contraction of the nasal cavities. For instance, as a cons 

 quence of violent nasal catarrh, tumors, fractures of the nas 

 bones, narrowing of the nasal passages, pressure from some of tl 

 neighboring organs, solid collections of matter. In some breei 

 of dogs, such as pugs and bulldogs, the passage is so narrow th 

 a slight contraction may cause them to breathe through the mouti 

 The nasal souud is like a snore when copious accumulations 

 mucus have collected on the mucous membranes, as in distemp'e 

 or the later stages of simple catarrh of the nose. In all the affe 

 tons named many animals seem to have intense itching, whi( 

 they indicate by rubbing the nose against solid objects or wipii 

 it with the paws. 



Physical Diagnosis of the Larynx and Windpipe. 



The symptoms include the bark, cough, and respiration, as we 

 as the local symptoms. The bark is always rough, hoarse, ( 

 shrill in all affections of the internal larynx, and is always 

 great importance in rabies (barking howl). The cough is s 

 accompaniment of all affections of the larynx ; it is generally loi 

 and either short, raw, hoarse, bark-like ; and in the later stages 

 catarrh, where there is much mucus, it is loose, moist, and rattlin 

 and may be produced by slight pressure on either side of tl 

 larynx, by cold, pressure, or after drinking ; in any chronic irrit 

 tion of the larynx, any excitement, such as the pleasure of meetii 



