CHRONIC CATARRH OF THE LARYNX. 119 



frequent, is quite loud, and accompanied by a wheezy inspiratory 

 sound, the niglit being the time it is mostly heard, or when the 

 animal runs about and plays, and his master is going to take him 

 out for a run ; in some cases the cough resembles the whooping- 

 CDUgh of children. 



Therapeutics. As a rule, the treatment of this d'sease is 

 unsatisfactory ; of course, this depends to a large extent on the 

 animal. Being removed from the conditions that have originally 

 caused the disease, the first thing to do is to keep the animal per- 

 fectly quiet and protect it from cold. Among the agents used in 

 general treatment the following are best : Inhalations of hot medi- 

 cated solutions, carbolic acid, tar, oil of turpentine or powdered 

 ?alt, chlorate of potassium, alum, and tannic acid. Inhalations 

 with these agents by means of an atomizer should be made twice 

 daily for ten or fifteen minutes. When the larynx is very sensi- 

 tive powdered bromide of potassium should be blown up the nose. 



It is readily understood that inhalations are rather hard to 

 administer in the dog, as the animal cannot be kept still while the 

 medication is being made, and also because the dog breathes 

 through the nose, and if prevented from doing so the vapor is 

 carried into the throat and again into the mouth. The only prac- 

 tical way to get an animal to inhale a vapor is to put him in a close 

 box and through an opening introduce steam that fills up the apart- 

 ment, and the animal has to inhale it. This, however, can only be 

 practised in a hospital. But where the animal is at home the best 

 method of procedure is to place the animal on a cane-seated chair, 

 and having placed the medicated agent, steaming hot, under the 

 chair, cover the animal with a sheet and hold him for ten or 

 fifteen minutes; or we may also hold the steaming vessel under 

 his nose and cover the head. It is only with the greatest difficulty 

 that the laryngeal mucous membranes can be painted with any 

 medicinal agent. This is to be regretted, as it is the only direct 

 way that that membrane can be treated with any certainty. The 

 intratracheal method of administration of medicinal agents which 

 has so largely been used by Dieokerhoff in the horse has been 

 tried by the author, but has not been of much value, and espe- 

 cially in animals that are fat or have short necks. 



Frequently in chronic catarrh we use narcotics to stop the 

 severe cough produced by irritation of the membrane — morphine 



