122 DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS. 



The affected parts do not collapse, but appear clear and bloodless, 

 soft, and collapse quickly on incision. 



Clinical Symptoms and Course. These vary according to 

 the amount and location of the irritation, whether it is in the 

 trachea, large, medium, or small bronchia, and whether it is acute 

 or chronic. 



Acute Catarrh of the Large Bronchia. This commences 

 with slight and frequent chilly spells, accompanied by fatigue, 

 indifference, depression, and sometimes with a stiff and strained 

 gait and slight rise of temperature. Soon afterward the animal 

 commences to cough; this is one of the principal symptoms of the 

 disease. In the beginning it is dry and dull; later it becomes 

 moist and more frequent. It can easily be started by slight pres- 

 sure on the trachea, and also by tapping on the chest close behind 

 the shoulder. 



Percussion gives negative results. On auscultation in mild 

 cases we hear an increased vesicular respiration in the trachea 

 and large bronchia, and when the medium-sized bronchia are 

 affected and there are large accumulations of mucus in the tubes 

 the vesicular murmur is increased. This is due to the fact that 

 while the bronchitis is in the dry stage the sounds are roaring 

 or snorting in character, and when the fluid mucus has accumu- 

 lated the sounds become rattling, as if the air was passing through 

 a thick mucus. When the small bronchia are affected these sounds 

 are much more decided, and in this condition there are high fever 

 aud general disturbance of all the functions, and also a marked 

 difficulty in respiratiou. One prominent symptom in the dog is 

 the inflation of the cheeks with each expiration. Any pressure on 

 the walls of the chest will immediately produce a fit of coughing. 

 The cough is first dull and weak, and as the disease increases it 

 becomes looser and easier, the vesicular sounds being very wheezy. 

 Capillary bronchitis in young animals is very apt to terminate in 

 catarrhal pneumonia; but even if this grave complication does not 

 occur, it is still a very dangerous disease and is apt to prove fatal. 

 The course of the disease is never less than two weeks, and may 

 often last several weeks before a favorable termination is reached. 



Chronic Bronchial Catarrh ; Asthma. This disease is com- 

 mon at two periods of an animal's life— when it is very young 

 and after it becomes old— and is a consequence of acute bronchial 



