126 DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS. 



detached centres which show plainly in the early part of the disease 

 soon become confluent, so that finally we have large sections of 

 the lung involved. In rare cases we find fibrinous (croupal) cen- 

 tres in connection with the catarrhal pneumonic centres, and 

 extended vesicular emphysema in the neighborhood of the affected 

 centres, and at the borders of the lungs, is often seen. We may 

 also have subpleural and interstitial emphysema and sero-fibrinous 

 or pussy pleuritis about the broncho-pneumonic centres. 



Clixical Symptoms. It is very difiicult to make a sharp 

 distinction between capillary bronchitis and lobular pneumonia 

 on account of the close I'elation between these two diseases. If 

 the disease has affected the alveoli, there is a marked acceleration 

 of the respirations, in some cases as high as 60 per minute, and 

 also inflation of the cheeks with each expiration; the cough is 

 short, frequent, and apparently very painful; the pulse running 

 from 150 to 170. On making a physical examination by percus- 

 sion there are a number of dull centres through the lungs; in some 

 instances the whole of the lung gives dull sounds. According to 

 the stage of the disease, strong vesicular breathing, snoring, fine 

 or loud bruit, and where there is extended infiltration we hear 

 bronchial respiration. 



The temperature often goes up to 40° or 41°; this high temper- 

 ature usually commences early in the disease, or it often makes a 

 rise when the disease has become converted into catarrhal pneu- 

 monia. If this complication does not occur, the temperature will 

 not make any marked change, but follow a regular course, which 

 is to rise quickly at the onset, and gradually fall as the disease 

 decreases and the animal goes on to convalescence. 



Course and Prognosis. The course of catarrhal inflamma- 

 tion of the lungs is rarely less than three weeks, and often pro- 

 longed over several months, with varying degrees of intensity. 

 Traumatic pneumonia is the only form of the disease that runs its 

 course quickly. 



The terminations of the disease are : Eecovery by resolution in 

 which the inflammatory products which fill the smallest bronchia 

 and the alveoli are changed into a kind of emulsion and are either re- 

 absorbed or coughed up. Or in the secondary disease, for instance; 

 chronic interstitial inflammation of the lung, or in rare cases the 

 formation of purulent gangrenous centres. Third, death, which 



