CYSTS OF THE KIDNEYS. 16& 



Inflammation of the Pelvis of the Kidney. 

 {Pyelitis. ) 



Etiology. This is caused by the irritation or extension of 

 certain inflammations from the body of the kidney, from poisonous 

 irritants passed from the blood through the kidneys, from foreign 

 bodies that lie in the pelvis, nephritic stones, strongylus gigas; 

 and it is also seen in diseases that are acute in character and in 

 hydronephrosis. 



Pathological Anatomy. Pyelitis occurs in a number of 

 forms according to the intensity of the irritants. From catarrh, 

 where it forms purulent or diphtheritic pyelitis. 



Clinical Symptoms and Therapeutics. This disease is 

 only recognized by means of the microscope, when we detect cer- 

 tain forms of epithelium in the urine. There are also some symp- 

 toms of inflammation of the kidney or catarrh of the bladder. 



Cysts of the Kidneys. 

 (Hydronephrosis ; Enlargement of the Pelvis of the Kidney.) 



Etiology and Pathological Anatomy. Whenever there 

 is a stenosis or stricture of the urinary passages and obstruction 

 of the urine it is dammed back and presses on all the canals 

 back of it, and as a consequence the canals are distended and 

 become finally enlarged. If the obstruction is in the urinary tube, 

 the bladder, ureters, and the pelvis of the kidney become enlarged ; 

 but if one ureter only is affected, the corresponding kidney becomes 

 enlarged ; and where the pelvis is much distended the body of the 

 kidney becomes absorbed after the condition has lasted some time. 

 The whole kidney becomes inverted into a pouch-like mass of con- 

 nective tissue, filled with liquid. This fluid at first is urine, but 

 from the alteration soon becomes converted into mucous secretion. 

 In one case described by Siedamgrotzky, he observed, instead of a 

 kidney, a big bladder or cyst with walls formed of connective 

 tissue, and filled with a slimy, brownish fluid, containing numer- 

 ous cholesterin crystals. 



Clinical Symptoms and Therapeutics. The cystic kidney 

 is generally recognized only when it is indicated by a fluctuat- 



