174 JyiSEASES OF THE URINARY AND SEXUAL APPARATUS. 



and are produced from a number of reasons. One frequent cause 

 of this condition is seen in house dogs that cannot get outside, and 

 retain the urine for a long time, producing extreme distention of 

 the bladder. It is also caused by obstructions of various kinds, 

 which prevent the passage of the urine, such as hypertrophy of the 

 prostate, strictures of the urethra, and by weakness of the muscular 

 coat of the bladder, caused by chronic catarrh of that organ. 

 Certain diseases of the nervous system also produce this condition. 



FIG. 52. 



Apparatus and method of irrigating tlie bladder in tbe dog. 



There are two forms of this disease : Paralysis of the Detrusor 

 and Paralysis of the Sphincter Vesicae. It is quite common 

 to find both conditions present in one animal. In the first con- 

 dition the bladder becomes so distended that its elasticity is lost, 

 and the muscular coat loses its power of contraction, and, finally, 

 when the bladder is so distended that the connective tissue alone 

 holds it and presses on the sphincter vesicae and overcomes it, 

 the urine trickles out in small quantities. This is termed over- 

 flowing of the bladder (urination by incontinence). When the 



