CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE. 205 



are indicated by a slight red coloration which cannot be wiped off; 

 but in the most serious forms you may find a distinct number of 

 spots which become confluent. In some cases there is a consider- 

 able bloody discharge, indicating the breaking down of some large 

 bloodvessel. If the bloodvessel is located in the hemisphere near 

 the surface, the dura mater appears distended at the affected loca- 

 tion; the convolutions of the brain are flattened and the furrows 

 depressed. The substance of the brain is always more or less 

 destroyed, and, if the animal does not die quickly, the discharged 

 blood forms clots very rapidly. Its fluid parts become absorbed, 

 fibrinous substances are formed, and the blood-corpuscles de- 

 stroyed. The blood-substance is altered into a chocolate-colored 

 emulsion and finally becomes absorbed. The coloring matter of 

 the blood remains on the brain as a rose-colored pigmentation. 

 The centre becomes smaller and smaller until we see the develop- 

 ment of numerous connective-tissue adhesions uniting it to the 

 wall, or an apoplectic cyst is formed which has a smooth inner 

 wall filled with serum. This cyst takes the shape of the surround- 

 ing parts. 



Clinical Symptoms. Without any premonitory symptoms 

 we suddenly see serious cerebral symptoms — that is to say, apo- 

 plexy. The animals drop, and immediately, or in a short time 

 afterward, walk unsteadily for a distance, and then lose entire con- 

 sciousness. The pulse becomes weak or irregular, or rapid and 

 very small. The respirations are deep, stertorous, and irregular. 

 The mucous membranes of the head are intensely reddened, and 

 in the early stages of the attack convulsions are very frequently 

 noticed. This is followed by partial or complete paralysis which 

 is due to a direct destruction of the brain-substance, by the 

 blood pressing on the brain. This paralysis may affect the extrem- 

 ities, both anterior and posterior, that half of the body which is 

 opposite to the extravasation in the brain being the one attected. 

 The animal may also become blind. This disease may result: 1, 

 in death, which occurs either in a few moments or may take days; 

 2, in complete recovery — this, however, only occurs where there is 

 a small hemorrhage, and in the centre of the hemisphere; 3, in 

 complete recovery with partial or complete paralysis, according to 

 the amount of hemorrhage. The treatment of hemorrhage of the 

 brain is connected closely with congestion of the brain, and it 



