TETANUS. 219 



results, but it is only after prolonged administration of these 

 drugs that favorable result is observed. 



Antipyrine is not of much service. Bromide of potassium, 

 chloral hydrate, oxide of zinc, nitrate of silver, electricity, and 

 hydropathy can be used. 



Catalepsy. 



Catalepsy, or "cataleptic rigidity," is a peculiar rigidity of 

 muscles. Consciousness and sensitiveness seem to be suppressed 

 entirel}', and animals remain ia positions for hours or days, Hert- 

 wig claims for weeks. In many cases they finally relapse and die. 

 Whether this is a disease, or a symptom of brain complication is 

 not positively determined. 



Hertwig mentions as causes cold, fright, overloaded stomach, 

 and metastases in various diseases, while Frohner considers it as 

 a purely functional neurosis of brain and spine. He found it 

 impossible to recognize definite alterations in central organs, either 

 in catalepsy, eclampsia, or tetanus, but found occasionally certain 

 secondary alterations in the muscles, namely, hemorrhages, dark 

 venous swellings, fatty degeneration of the muscles and fibres of 

 the heart. No successful therapeautic treatment is known. 



Tetanus {Lockjaw?) 



A pseudo catalepsy is very often seen in dogs such as pointers, 

 setters, and spaniels that have been trained in the field. These 

 animals sometimes come to a stand in some particular place and 

 then remain rigid for perhaps half an hour hardly moving a 

 muscle. Or when they come into some particular room they may 

 move about in a rigid, tense mannerj on their toes, nose out, muscles 

 of the trunk fixed and tail extended. They will finally sniff and 

 walk slowly out of the room and as soon as out the rigidity leaves 

 them and thery assume a natural manner. This efEection has been 

 attributed to the presence of mice, or their odor, or to some par- 

 ticular odor in the room or in some portion of it. The condition 

 gradually leaves the animal. It is sometimes associated with a 

 disordered stomach, in such cases it disappears on the administra- 

 tion of a laxative. 



This rarely \0ccurs in dogs. The symptoms consist, according to 

 Hertwig and Siedamgrotzky, in a stiff, stilt-like gait, head and neck 

 distended and drawn, eyes fixed, ears retracted and stiffened; pro- 

 laspus of membrane inclitant, wringling of skin of forehead, con- 



