ECLAMPSIA. 221 



the lacteal glands. With this last theory the author is iacliaed 

 to agree. According to the statements of authors, deep anatomical 

 disturbances of the brain may be caused directly from the mam- 

 mary glands. Friedberger has observed two bitches that had 

 eclampsia without having puppies. 



Clinical, Symptoms. The disease may appear in from forty- 

 eight hours to thirty days after whelping ; very rarely later than 

 this time; in the majority of cases appearing at or about four 

 weeks. In one case of Friedberger's fifty days elapsed. It comes 

 on suddenly without any marked symptoms. The animals become 

 restless and anxious; they have a staring expression of the eye, 

 short, rapid respiration, reddened mucous membranes; they show 

 no pain from pressure on the walls of the chest, neck, or abdomen. 

 After a short time (about a quarter of an hour after the appear- 

 ance of increased respiration) they become paralyzed, are no longer 

 able to stand on their feet, and remain for some time with their 

 legs stretched from them. A slight increase of temperature has 

 been observed in several instances at the onset of the disease. The 

 dog lies on her side with her legs firm and tense; the muscles of 

 the body hard and quivering to the touch; the joints are stiff and 

 hard to bend; and at intervals we see clonic convulsions of all the 

 muscles, especially those of the extremities, and the respiratory 

 muscles are especially involved. The respirations become more 

 rapid as a consequence of this, and finally the mouth is opened 

 and the tongue protrudes, while the animal breathes with great 

 difficulty. The pulse is small, hard, and sometimes irregular, and 

 always quick; the eyes are staring and protruded, and there is an 

 anxious look in the face. All the visible mucous membranes are 

 cyanosed. The saliva which accumulates in the mouth is either 

 swallowed convulsively at certain intervals, or, as is generally the 

 case, it dribbles out of the corners of the mouth. As a rule, con- 

 sciousness is not disturbed. The pupilla are normal in size; reflex 

 action is present. The animal seems to notice external objects or 

 impressions, such as calling the patient, or noticing one it knows 

 coming into the room. The appetite is lost; the normal discharges 

 are entirely suppressed; the urine, after such an attack, gives an 

 albuminous reaction. The attack may last for twenty-four hours, 

 but generally varies a little in intensity. If the attack is very 

 acute, the animal falls into a deep comatose condition and dies in 



