EPITHELIAL TUMORS. 339 



from true goitre by the fact that the swelling does not possess the 

 smooth surface seen in the ordinary form, but is uneven and irreg- 

 ular, becoming developed into a goitrous degeneration of the gland. 

 The etiology of the mild form of goitre is very obscure, notwith- 

 standing numerous researches. In man, as well as in horses and 

 cattle, the appearance of goitre has been found to be due to their 

 existence in certain districts, especially in mountainous ranges, and 

 on that account its cause has been looked for in local conditions 

 of the soil and water, especially where they contain large quanti- 

 ties of lime. In the dog no such reason can possibly be ascribed, 

 as in the regions where man, horses, etc., are rarely affected, many 

 affected dogs of various ages and different nutritive conditions are 

 found. The observation made by Maumeni of feeding fluor cal- 

 cium to dogs was of no especial value. The fact has been pointed 

 out by Schrauz that goitre is due to or may accompany certain 

 affections of the heart; this is a much more important cause, 

 according to the author's opinion. Schrauz has found that in a 

 goitre district of the Tyrol in 66 per cent, of cases of heart-disease 

 the people were affected with goitre. It is advisable therefore to 

 make an examination of dogs affected with this trouble, following 

 the same procedure as is described under Diseases of the Heart. 

 We do not know if this affection is hereditary, but we question 

 it, although some authors claim that it is. 



Thekapeutic Treatment. The treatment of goitre may be 

 medicinal or operative. As soon as the enlargement occurs, or 

 signs of development appear, we obtain satisfactory results with 

 preparations of iodine. Use iodine internally in the form of iodide 

 of potassium in small doses, and externally in the shape of oint- 

 ment of iodide of potassium, tincture of iodine, or ointment of 

 iodoform (Siedamgrotzky). Also injections into the gland of tinc- 

 ture of iodine, or alcohol and iodine, equal parts, are very success- 

 ful, but are sometimes dangerous from subsequent fever in cases 

 of parenchymatous goitres. These injections must be strictly 

 aseptic in order to avoid suppuration. After thoroughly disinfect- 

 ing the cutaneous region, we thrust a hypodermatic needle into the 

 goitre, and first see if any bloodvessel has been injured. With 

 this syringe inject into the gland equal parts of tincture of iodine 

 and pure alcohol. In large goitres the injections must be repeated 

 at intervals of several days. In all cystic and fibrinous goitres 



